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Stranger's Guide 



if 



IN 



Baltimore and its EoviroDS. 

Sketches of Public Buildings, Monuments, Notable 
Localities, Resorts, Suburban Drives, &c. 

Showing Strangers where to Go and what to See. 

The Centennial Exposition, Philadelphia, and Public 
Buildings, Washington, &c. 



BALTIMORE: 

Published by John Murphy & Co. 

182 Baltimore Street. 

Baltimore News Company. 

For Sale by all Booksellers, News Dealers, &e. 
1876. 



Price 25 cts. "With Map, 40 cts. 



\^ 



BAY LINE. 

BALTIMORE STEAM PACKET COMPANY, 

FOR 

NORFOLK, PORTSMOUTH AND OLD POIN I 

The BAY LINE STEAMERS Leave DAILY, (EXCEPT SUSDA\ 
at 4 P. BI., from Foot of Union Dock. 

E-ates Reduced. 
TO OLD POINT AND NORFOLK. 

And on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, special Low Bates offe c 
Single Trip and Round Trip Tickets. 

Special Round Trip Tickets sold at Reduced i?afe«, good each day • o* 
either Steamer of the Line, by which passengers are not subjected to ela 
and are afforded all the conveniences of the Daily Line. 

COMPANY'S OFFICi:, 157 W. Baltimore str 

Where Orders can be left for Baggage and Information is given. 
E. BROWN, G. T. A. WM, M. LAWSON, . 

Established 1835. 

G. AV. WEBB & CO. 

GoldS7nit?is a7id J^en^et^ '*rf 

S. E. Cor. Baltimore and Light streets. 

IMPORTERS AND DEALER? I.N 

FINE WATCHES, RICH JEWELRY AND SILVER WARE. 

Om Europeaifh Flan. 

Fayette Street, near JSionuinent Squar( , 
BALTIMORE. 

ROBERT RENNERT, Proprieto 

Rooms l>y tlie I>a,y or ^V^eelc. 



THE 



Straii2^er's Guide 



IN 



Baltimore and its Environs. 

Sketches of Public Buildings, Monuments, Notable 
Localities, Resorts, Suburban Drives, &.c. 

Showing Strangers where to Go and what to See. 

The Centennial Exposition, Philadelphia, and Public 
Buildings, Washington, &.c. 



BALTIMORE: 

Published by John Murphy & Co. 

182 Baltimoue Street. 

Baltimore News Company. 

For Sale by all Bookse'lers, News Dealers, &c. 
1876. 






INTRODUCTION. 

In the pages of this Guide Book the Tourist or Sojourner 
is furnished with brief and accurate descriptions of the 
City of Baltimore, its Harbor, Shipping, Public Buildings, 
Historic Localities, Monuments, Libraries, Art Collections, 
Parks and Environs. The book gives also descriptions of 
all the Interesting Points within easy reach of the city, 
which may be visited by Rail or Water and return the 
same day, Showing Where to go and What to See. Among 
these places may be mentioned, Philadelphia and the 
Centennial Exposition; Washington City and the Public 
Buildings, Grounds and Art Galleries; Georgetown, D. C, 
and its charming heights; Alexandria, Va., and the Poto- 
mac river; Mt. Vernon and the Tomb of Washington; 
Annapolis, the United States Xaval Academy and the 
Historical Chambers and Portraits of the State Capitol. 
Besides these, Routes are given of the Chesapeake Bay to 
Fortress Monroe, Norfolk, Old Point Comfort, the Eastern 
Shore of Maryland, &c. 

Many interesting Statistics are given showing the great 
Progress of Baltimore within the past ten years, its Com- 
mercial strides, Growth and Embellishment, all combining 
to make it a great Metropolitan City, in the strict sense of 
the word, a city of Wealth, Culture and Refinement. 

With the view of embodying in the most compact form, 
and giving all the necessary information at the lowest price 
Pictorial Illustrations, so generally used in such publica- 
tions, are purposely omitted, and in their place, accurate 
descriptions and valuable details are supplied. 



Enteued, according to the Act of Congress, in the year 187C, by 

John Mcrpbt, 

in tlio OfTice of the Librarian of Congress, at Wasliington. 






CONTENTS. 



PAGE. 

Baltimore City 5 

Commerce and Manufactures 8 

Oyster and Fruit Trade 8 

Shoe and Leather Trade 9 

Pianos, &c 9 

Bell Casting 10 

Iron Manufactures 10 

Railroad Tonnels 10 

Baltimore & Potomac Tunnel 10 

Union Tunnel 11 

Railroad Depots 12 

Terminal Facilities 12 

Locust Point 12 

Oil Yards 13 

Canton 13 

Historical Localities 14 

Federal Hill 14 

Fort McHenry 15 

Fort Carroll 16 

Quarantine IG 

Prominent Buildings 16 

City Hall 16 

Safe Deposit Building 17 

Shot Tower J8 

Alexandrowski 18 

Young Men's Christian Asso- 
ciation Building 19 

Young Men's Catholic Asso- 
ciation Rooms 19 

Bay View Asylum 19 

Monuments 20 

Washington Monument 20 

Battle Monument 20 

Wells and McComas Monu- 
ment 21 

Odd Fellows' Memorial 21 

Poe Monument 21 

Public Parks 22 

Druia Hill Park 22 

Patterson Park 25 



PAGE. 

Water Works 26 

Elevations above Tide 28 

Cemeteries 28 

Greenmount 28 

Baltimore Cemetery i9 

Mount Olivet Cemetery 29 

Western Cemetery 20 

Loudoun Park Cemetery 30 

New Cathedral Cemetery 30 

Suburban Drives 30 

On the Eastward 30 

On the Northeast 31 

Gay street Extended 31 

York Road 31 

Charles street Avenue 32 

On the Northwest 32 

Falls Road 33 

Highland Park 33 

Educational Institutions 34 

State Normal School Building 35 

Maryland Institute 36 

Peabody Institute 37 

Baltimore City College 38 

Schools of Medicine, &c 39 

University of Maryland 39 

Washington University 39 

Law School of the University 

of Maryland 39 

Johns Hopkins University... 39 

Johns Hoplvins Hospital 40 

Johns Hopkins Colored Or- 
phan Asylum 40 

McDonough Foundations 40 

Free Scuools 41 

McKim Free School 41 

Oliver Hibernian FreeSehool 41 

Libraries and Galleries 42 

Maryland Academy of Sci- 
ence 43 

Art Galleries 43 



IV 



COJ\'TEJ\^TS. 



PAGE. 

Churches 44 

Theatres 45 

brsixess and othek places.... 4g 

Foreign Consuls 47 

City Railways 48 

SoDURBAN Railways 48 

Expresses 48 

Hotels 40 

Banks 49 

Telegraph 50 

Foreign Steamers 51 

Coastwise and Bay Steamers 51 

Daily Newspapers 52 

ITackney Coach Regulations 52 
Distances from Baltimore.... 53 
Baltimoke to Philadelphia... 54 
Philadelphia, Wilmington & 
Baltimore R. R. Distances. 54 

Slemnier's Run 54 

Middle River .54 

Edge wood 54 

Bush River 54 

Havre de Grace 54 

North East 55 

Elkton 55 

Newark 't:t 

Wilmington 55 

Chester 50 

Ridley Park 5() 

CeKTENNIAL EXHIBITIOX 50 

Exhibition Buildings 57 

"Annex"' 57 

State Buildings 57 

Foreign Countries Repre- 
sented 57 

Foreign Buildings 58 

St. George's House 5S 

First Foundation Stone 58 

Restaurants 58 

Miscellaneous Buildings 59 



page. 

IMemorial Monuments 59 

Maryland State Building 59 

What to See in Six Days 59 

Baltimore to Annapolis 01 

Annapolis 01 

Executive Mansion 02 

Baltimore to Blue Ridge 

Mountains C3 

Western Maryland Railroad.. 63 

Emmitsburg C3 

Blue Ridge 04 

Baltimore to Washington 04 

The Capitol 05 

President's Mansion 00 

Public Places in Washington 07 

Corcoran Art Gallery 07 

City Hall 08 

Army Medical Mu?eum 08 

Ordnance Museum OS 

Congressional Conservatory. 08 
Congressional Burial Ground 08 

Navy Yard 08 

Government Hospital for In- 
sane 08 

The Arsenal OS 

Georgetown 09 

Arlington 09 

Soldiers' Home 58 

Alexandria 09 

Mount Vernon 00 

Baltimore to Niagara Falls.. 09 

York TO 

Harrisburg 7(i 

Williamsport 70 

Watkins 70 

Niagara Falls 70 

Baltimore to Richmond 70 

Baltimore to the West 71 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 71 
Pennsylvania Railroad 71 



The Stranger's Guide in Baltimore. 



Baltimore City. 

The City of Baltimore was first laid out in 
1730, on a tract of sixty acres of land, and in 1796, 
was incorporated as a town. Within the present boun- 
daries are 12J square miles of land and 2 of water. 
From east to west the boundaries are five miles apart, 
and from north to south four miles. Baltimore street, 
the chief thoroughfare, running east and west, is a little 
over four miles long, and is the dividing line for num- 
bering houses on streets running north and south, while 
Jones' Falls, a small stream in the centre of the city, 
is the dividing line for numbering the houses east and 
west. The elevations are to 250 leet above the sea 
level; mean annual temperature 55°; annual rainfall 
44.48, and situation 39° 17' N. latitude 76° 37' longi- 
tude W. 

Baltimore, though not the capital of Maryland, is the 
chief city of the State, and the largest emporium of the 
south. It is by reason of its geographical situation, on 
the Atlantic coast near the Chesapeake bay, as well as 
by its railroad connections with the great west and the 
south, the entreport of a large portion of the richest pro 
ducing territory of the union, and the most convenient 
point of export for grain, flour, petroleum, cotton, tobacco 
and other great staples of the interior. 

2 5 



6 THE STRJJYGEWS GUIDE 

The striking characteristics of the city are its bright- 
ness, clearness of sky, blue water, active harbor, com- 
mercial rather than mechanical pursuits, numerous 
churches and homelike and hospitable traits of its peo- 
ple. An aspect of cheerful elegance pervades the city, 
which is particularly noticed by strangers. There is 
an absence of crowded tenements, a great number of 
small dwellings, where each family may have a sepa- 
rate home. Since 1865 upwards of 15,000 houses have 
been built, extending mostly over the north-western 
boundary and closing around Druid Hill Parlr, and 
crowning some of the highest elevations, 190 to 220 
feet above tide water. Horse railways and street cars 
connect the city and its suburbs, and afford rapid and 
convenient modes of reaching any and every desired 
point. 

The brightness of Baltimore is especially a character- 
istic of the north-western section, covering several square 
miles, built for the most part since 1SG5. In this region, 
the tall spires of numerous white marble churches tower 
above the lines of bright red brick dwellings. Public 
squares, provided with walks and seats, shade trees, 
grass plots, and springs of limpid water, are plentifully 
scattered throughout the city. Several of these squares 
are without enclosure, and it is an indication of the 
order and decorum of the inhabitants that flowers grow 
unmolested in the open air, and add their fragrance 
and beauty to the other attractions of the city's public 
resorts. 

Among the more attractive of these green spots in the 
northwest, may be mentioned Lafayette and Harlegi 
Squares; in the west, Franklin and Union Squares; in 
the northeast, Madison Square. For South Baltimore 



IJV BALTIMORE. 7 

Riverside Park, is this year being laid off and improved. 
Broadway in tiie east, and Eutaw Place northwest, are 
broad and beautiful avenues, parked in the centre with 
grass and adorned with flower-beds, vases with trailing 
vines, and growing plants. 

One arm of the Patapsco river stretches far into 
the business centre, affording highly prized commercial 
facilities, and an inner harbor known as the '"Basin," 
for passenger steamboats and coastwise and bay craft in 
great numbers. The channels leading to the harbor are 
kept at a depth of 25 feet and 200 to 300 feet wide. The 
deep water of the harbor, where the larger foreign and 
other vessels lie, is at Fells' Point and Canton on the 
north side, and Locust Point on the south side, above 
Fort McHenry. The entrance to the harbor, between 
Fort McHenry and the Lazaretto Lighthouse Point is 
narrow, but inside the river widens beautifully, and in 
the busy seasons presents a scene of great activity. 

The Population, by municipal census in 1873, the 
latest taken, was 302,893, of which the female excess 
was 15,723. It is estimated that 50,000 of the inhabitants 
a'-e of German origin. Besides the city proper, there are 
numerous suburban villages and hamlets, the outgrowth 
of overflowing population, not enumerated in the census 
of Baltimore. If the surrounding belt of country and 
these villages were annexed as contemplated, the num- 
ber of inhabitants would be carried up to about 400,000, 
and give the city an area of nearly sixty square miles. 



8 THE STR^JYGEWS G UIDE 

Commerce and Manufactures. 

The value of exports and imports for the last three 
years were as follows: 

Exports, 1875, $27,135,038 Imports, 1875, $29,799,821 
" 1874, 27,524,835 " 1874, 26,578,554 

" 1873, 22,387,812 " 1873, 31,319,033 

The Petroleum exports were: 1875, 24,828,124 galls.; 
1874, 8,381,903 galls.; 1873, 3,470,995 galls. 

The value of Coffee imports was, in 1875, $13,730,020'; in 

1874, $9,164,007; in 1873, $10,375,413. 

The total Grain receipts in 1875 were 15,028,854 bushels; 
in 1874, 17,086,645. bushels. 

Flour receipts, 1875, 1,391,813 bbls.; in 1374, 1,500,997. 

Maryland and Ohio Tobacco shipments were, in 1875, 
34,366 hhds.; 1874, 51,248 hhds.; 1873, 51,652 hhds. 

The total Tobacco inspections in the three years were : 

1875, 40,436 hhds.; in 1874, 57.955 hhds.'; and in 1873, 
65,067 hhds. 

The Oyster and Frit it Trade. Among lead- 
ing industries, the Oyster trade occupies an important 
place. On Fells Point, and in South Baltimore, whole 
streets are occupied with Oyster and Fruit Packing estab- 
lishments. Eight hundred or a thousand schooners arc 
engaged seven months in a year in the oyster trade, and 
a large fleet of bay craft, to say nothing of steamers, is 
employed in bringing fruit and vegetables to the pack- 
ing houses. In summei* oysters packed in ice are shipped 
West, North and South. The oyster fleet, between sea- 
sons engages in other trafiic especially with the West 
Indies, from which pine apples and other tropical fruits 
are brought to market and lor packing. There arc one 



LY BALTIMORE. 



9 



hundred oyster and fruit packing firms in Baltimore, 
some of which have establishments at convenient locali- 
ties on tlie bay or in the fruit growing region of the 
Eastern Shore. In connection with the packing busi- 
ness, the manufacture of tin cans is a great industry of 
itself. The capital employed in the different branches 
of the trade aggregates many millions of dollars. 

TJie Shoe and Leather Trade of Baltimore is 
another of its largest industries. In 1870 the sale of 
Eastern and Baltimore manufactured shoes amounted to 
$11,000,000. In 1874 the sales were $17,000,000. There 
are thirty laVge shoe factories in the city, using improved 
machinery and employing 4,500 operatives. There are 
thirty jobbing, commission and auction houses, and the 
leather dealers and tanners produce the best sole leather 
made anywhere, as evidenced by the Vienna award to a 
Baltimore house engaged in this manufacture. 

The statistics of the shoe and leather trade for 1874 
show the followins: figures : 



Sales of boots and shoes, wholesale and retail, 

Manufacturers, 

Eubber boots and shoes, 

Auction sales, 

Sales of leather, 

Sales of hides, 

Kip and calfskins and upper leather, 

Goat skins and morocco, 

Sheep skins, . . . . . 

Total boots, shoes and leather, 



$ 8,000,000 

7,000,000 

1,900,000 

750,000 

4,000,000 

1,375,000 

450,000 

250,000 

150,000 

$22,975,000 



J*ianoSf <£t. In the manufacture of Pianos, several 
thousand workmen are employed. Upwards of 2,500 
2# 



10 THE STRdA^GEWS GUIDE 

pianos are turned out every year from the workshops. 
Several Organ lactories have given celebrity to Baltimore 
made church organs. 

Bell Casting is one of the best known industries. 
The specimens of bells sent from Baltimore foundries, 
to all parts of the country, speak for themselves. 

Iron 31amifactures. Ship building, Iron Bridge, 
Architectural Iron Work, extensive Railroad Foundries 
and Car shops at Mt. Clare and other localties owned by 
the Baltimore and Ohio and Northern Central Railway; 
Brick Making, Tobacco Manvfacturc, and many other 
industries too numerous to mention, are all tending by 
the multitude and value of iheir productions to give im- 
portance to the city as a manufacturing centre. 

Railroad Tunnels. 

By the expenditure of nearly five millions of dollars 
a system of underground communication has been con- 
structed, by which all the railroads, other than the Bal- 
timore and Ohio, are connected and brought to tide-water 
at Canton. This system comprises the Baltimore and 
Potomac and the Union Railroad Tunnels on the north 
side of the city. 

TJte HaJt'unove fnnl I*ofomac Tunucl is, with 
the exception of the Hoosac Tunnel, the largest on this 
side of the Atlantic. It was begun in 1871 and finished 
ill 1873. The arch is built of five rings of brick, backed 
up with rubble masonry, and is 22 feet in height by 27 
feet in width. The cost of the work was $2,300,000; 
length of tunnel G,9G9 feet. The western entrance is at 
Gilmor street, and the tunnel extends throughout the 
city in a northeasterly direction, passing under the beds 



Ij\ BALTIMORE. 11 

of twenty-nine* streets until it emerges at North avenue, 
the northern boundary of the city, close to the line of 
the Northern Central Railway. Of this distance, 1,057 
feet were worked entirely under ground at a depth of 
from 50 to 25 feet. 

The Union Tunnel extends from Greenmount 
avenue on the west under thirteen streets. It is also 
built of brick, 3,410 feet in length, and otherwise of 
nearly the same dimensions as the Potomac Tunnel, of 
which it is practically a continuation. Both works were 
prosecuted simultaneously, forming the links to tide- 
water by double tracks through the tunnels and some 
open cuts. The Union Railroad, on emerging from the 
eastern portal, passes over two avenues on iron bridges, 
and then curves to the south to Canton. At a distance 
of three and a half miles from Greenmount avenue, the 
Union road makes a junction at Bay View Station with 
the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore line. 

The roads using the tunnels are the Western Mary- 
land, Baltimore and Potomac, Northern Central, and 
Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore. Through 
trains from New York to Washington switch off from 
the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore to the 
Union Railroad, passing through the Union tunnel and 
over the tracks of the Northern Central ; thence through 
the Baltimore and Potomac tunnel and over that railroad 
to Washington without change of cars. 

New York passengers to Washington via Baltimore 
and Ohio Railroad are brought into the President Street 
Depot, of the Philadelphia, Wilmington &. Baltimore 
Railroad and the cars are drawn through Pratt street by 
horses to Camden Depot, proceeding via Washington 
Branch to Washington. 



1 2 THE S TRJA'GER'S G UIDE 

The Bailroad Depots on ihe north side of the 
city are Calvert Station; Union Depot, Charles Street; 
and Pennsylvania Avenue Station. Tlie connections 
nordi and south are with the Pennsylvania Railroad. 
The Western Maryland Railroad which enjoys Tide 
Water and Tunnel facilities in common with other 
north side roads, has its depot, a newly constructed 
hrick building, at the corner of Hillen and Exeier 
streets. 

Terminal Facilities. 

Locust Point is conspicuous as the terminal tide ■ 
water outlet for grain, coal, iron and other freights of 
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, as well as the site of 
the European Steamship piers. Federal Hill, at the 
junction with the main land, and Fort McHenry, at the 
extremity of the point, are old landmarks. Between 
these two, especially on the water IVonl opposite the city, 
are located a great number of coal piers, by means of which 
the cars are emptied directly into vessels for shipment 
of Maryland and West Virginia bituminous coal; sec- 
ond, two immense Elevators, which receive the grain 
from the railroad, and deliver to vessels of the largest 
size at the elevator wharves ; third, European steam- 
ship piers, active with freight all the year round, and 
especially busy during the summer, when the tide of 
tourist travel is at its height. This Point and the piers 
are reached by the ferry at the foot of Broadway and 
Thames street. 

The elevators handle annually an immense quantity 
of grain brought from the West. Elevator A, has the 
capacity of nearly 000,000 bushels. The building, SO 
by 150 feet, is built on 4,400 piles. 



LY BALTIMORE. 13 

Elevator B, a few hundred feet to the east, rests upon 
1 1,750 piles. The foundation is granite laid in cement. 
The building is 97 by 324 feet, and 169 feet high, capa- 
city is 1,500,000 bushels. It is said to be impossible to 
discharge car loads into the elevators faster than the grain 
can be carried to the bins, and the only delay in loading 
vessels is occasioned by the necessity of stopping at in- 
tervals to properly distribute the cargo. 

A railroad ferry is located between the two elevators 
by which trains of loaded cars are conveyed across the 
water to th*' Canton side, on immense barges to connect 
Tvith the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Rail- 
road. During busy seasons 250 cars are transferred a 
day at this point. 

What with present and contemplated building, the 
whole peninsula constitutes the scene of the most active 
and energetic business progress of Baltimore, and if is 
thought will soon root out Fort McHenry as a military 
depot, and replace its barracks and arsenals with the 
warehouse and granaries of commerce. 

Oil Yards. On the other side of the peninsula, 
fronting on the Middle branch of the Patapsco, are estab- 
lished oil yards and depots doing an immense business. 
The cars bring the oil from Pennsylvania and West 
Virginia directly to the water's edge, where there is 
a fleet of foreign vessels ready to receive cargoes. The 
oil yards are quite as Avell worth a visit as the steamship 
piers and grain elevators. 

Canton, a thriving manufacturing and commercial 
town of itself, forms the eastern extremity of Baltimore 
opposite Fort McHenry. 

The Canton Company here owns 2,800 acres of land, 
comprising 18,000 building lots. Streets are laid out 



1 4 THE S TR.iA'GER'S G UIDE 

and paved. The water frontage is about 20,000 feet, 
on water ranging from fifteen to twenty-five feet deep. 
Upwards of sixty manufactories are congregated within 
the area of Canton, employing about 8,000 hands. 
These i'actories include Oyster and Fruit Packing 
Houses, Stove and Hollow Ware Foundries, Copper 
Works, Rolling Mill, Chemical and Fertilizing Fac- 
tories, eight Coal Oil Refineries, Copper Smelting Fur- 
naces, Car Wheel, Agricultural Implement, White Lead 
and other factories ; Lager Beer Breweries and Distil- 
leries, 

The Copper Works are very extensive and promise 
in time to rank among the leading industries of Balti- 
more. The Canton Elevator, and terminal facilities of 
the Union Railroad, are also conspicuous features. 

An extensive coal pier, large wharves, warehouses, 
furnish terminal facilities to meet existing requirements, 
with prospective extensions in several directions. One 
of the great features of Canton is the extensive rolling 
mill which turns out immense quantities of steel and 
iron rails: In busy seasons very many of the largest 
vessels lie at the wharves of Canton. 

Historical Localities. 

Federal ILill, From this notable point a good 
view of Baltimore is commanded. It is also the site of 
the Marine Observatory, from which marine arrivals are 
siirnalled. Federal Hill is so called from having been the 
point in 1788 that the news of the adoption of the Fed- 
eral Constitution by the Virginia Convention was pro- 
claimed by artillery. This hill will be converted into a 
public park, for which purpose it has been purchased by 
the city at a cost of $04^000. 



IJV BALTIMORE. 15 

Fort 3[cITenvij possesses national historic interest 
as thesceneof the bombardment in 1814when theBritish 
land and naval forces were repulsed in their attack on 
Baltimore. It was during this bombardment that Francis 
S. Key, a prisoner on a British vessel off the fort, wrote 
the Star Spangled Banner which was published and 
sung publicly in Baltimore a few days afterwards, and 
soon became the national air. Fort McHenry, origi- 
nally a brick fort, has in later years been greatly im- 
proved and strengthened by earthworks. It is now pro- 
vided with extensive modern barracks, heavy guns, 
and garrisoned by several companies of artillery. The 
grounds are large and handsome. Every Sunday eve- 
ning in warm weather the band plays and the public is 
admitted to the open air concerts. The fort is reached 
by the Ferry at the foot of Broadway, and is half a 
mile from the Ferry landing on the Locust Point side. 

One historical incident may be not out of place in con- 
nection with historical places this centennial year. In 
December, 1776, on the approach of the royal troops 
toward the Delaware, the Continental Congress ad- 
journed from Philadelphia to Baltimore. The Congress 
met in Baltimore Dec. 20ih, 1776. They met and con- 
tinued in session in a spacious three-story and attic brick 
building which stood until a few years since on the 
south side of Baltimore street, from Sharp to Liberty 
street, now covered with extensive business establish- 
ments. The house belonged to Jacob Fite, and was at 
the time the farthest house west in the town and one ol 
the largest; while Washington was achieving the vic- 
tory at Trenton, Congress was sitting in Baltimore and 
taking measures to strengthen his hands. It was here 
that Gen. Gates came to confer w ith Congress, and on 



16 THE STRAA'-GEWS GUIDE 

the 27ih of December, 1776, before the Congress in Bal- 
timore could have learned of the victory at Trenton, 
Gen. Washington was vested by an act passed in this 
city with supreiiie power for raising troops, munitions 
and subsistence stores, &,c , in all respects constituting 
hitn a dictator in the old Roman sense of the term. It 
was in Maryland, too, in the Senate Chamber at An- 
napolis, that after achieving the Independence of his 
country, he resigned his commission and laid down the 
supreme power conferred upon him at Baltimore. 

F'ort CarroUf an unfinished granite work rising 
from the middle of the Patapsco about 6 miles below the 
city, is a fortification on the plan of Fort Sumter, 
Charleston Harbor, S. C, and of a class of milhary 
structures practically useless against modern ordnance. 
Work on Fort Carroll has been abandoned some years. 
Visitors are not permitted to land and the work is in 
charge of a Sergeant with a light keeper lor the light- 
house. A number of heavy guns are in the casemates. 

(JiKtrantuie Grounds and the Marine Hospital are 
located on the south side below Fort McHenry. Visit- 
ing not allowed. 

Prominent Buildings. 

The City Hall of Baltutiore, recently erected, 
is a marble palace in the Renaissance style ot archi- 
tecture, centrally located, covering a block of ground, 
bounded by Fayette, North, Lexington and HoUiday 
streets, on each of which there are entrances, the main 
one being on Holliday street, facing the east. The area 
of the block within the building line is 35,000 square 
feet. The total cost of the pile including ground and 



IJV BALTIMORE. 17 

furniture was $2,27 J, 1 35. It is a matter of pride among 
Baltimoreans, that out of an appropriation of $2,500,000 
to construct the City Hall, $228,865 was surplus. Seven 
years were occupied in the construction ot the building, 
and its dedication, October 25th, 1875 was among the 
last official acts ot" ttie Mayoralty of Hon. Joshua Van- 
sant, chairman of the Building Committee. 

The structure is four stories high, French roof with 
iron dome reaching 260 feet from the ground. A bal- 
cony 250 feet from the street affords a magnificent view 
of the city. Visitors are permitted to ascend to this 
balcony only on Mondays, from 10 A. M. to 3 P. M. 
A clock with four dials and a bell weighing 6,000 lbs. 
are in the dome which is 170 feet in circumference. 

All the departments of the city government are gath- 
ered in the building, including the Mayor's office. City 
Council chambers and a large public Hall for State 
occasions. , 

The first, or ground floor is occupied by the City 
Commissioner, Inspector of Public Buildings, Fire 
Commissioners, Health Department, Water Depart- 
ment, Police Marshall, City Detectives. 

On the second, or principal floor are the Mayor's 
Offices, City Register, Comptroller, Collector, Appeal 
Tax Court, School Board, Street Commissioners and 
Park Commissioners. 

The third floor is occupied by the Chambers of both 
Branches of the City Council; the grand Public Hall, 
City Library, Law Offices, Water Board, City Surveyors 
and Engineers. 

TJte Baltimore Safe Deposit Conipmiifs 
Building on South street, is considered one of the 
very lew absolutely fire and burglar proof structures in 
3 



18 THE STR^JYGEWS GUIDE 

the country. Below ground it is a building within a 
building, and the foundations are laid below the tide water 
level so as to impede mining by burglars, with a flow of 
Avater. The outer Avails are from three to seven feet in 
thickness, and the interior walls of t^e treasure and trunk 
vaults seven to nine feet thick. The front of the building, 
combining an appearance of Egyptian strength with 
Roman solidity of construction and modern grace, stamps 
the structure with individuality. The material is 
wholly of bricks, except some stone trimming of the 
I'ront, and the walls are made so strong as to remain 
unshaken by surrounding piles i'alling on them, or any 
other assaults than from heavy ordnance. 

The safe cost $78,000, and it is as strong as an iron 
Monitor, of massive and ornamental front thirty by 
iwenty-tive feet, and nine feet high in the clear inside, 
with capacity for 5,000 boxes of depositors. The mate- 
rial is chilled iron and steel that will resist the drill, and 
the weight is estimated at 500 tons. 

The Shot Towei', at the corner of Front and 
Fayette streets has stood nearly fifty years a monument 
to the skill of Baltimore brick layers. The foundation 
stone was laid on the 4th of July, 1828, by Charles 
Carroll of CarroUton, who, the same day laid the foun- 
dation stone of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad. The 
walls were built from scaffolding on the inside, and are 
six feet thick at the base and two feet thick at the top. 
From the pavement, the structure rises 21 G feet; its cir- 
cumference at the base is ISO feet and 51 feet at the top. 
Alexaiid^'OWsJkif the city residence of Mr. Thos. 
Winans, surrounded by a wall and located on Balti- 
more, Fremont and Hollins streets, is one of the notable 
private city residences with ornamental grounds. Ad- 



IJ\^ BALTIMORE. 19 

joining the mansion is a Music hall, in which Mr, 
Winans has built a large organ on new principles. A 
tall chimney, towering above everything in the grounds, 
is part of a system of ventilation, in which valuable 
and practical results have been reached. The " Cigar 
Steamer,'' with which Mr. Winans' name has long been 
associated, lies at the wharf of his shipyard. Ferry Bar, 
South Baltimore, wh-ere the Patapsco Navy Regatta 
Clubs have their boat houses. The locality is reached 
by the South Baltimore Blue cars. 

T7ie Young Men's Christian Association 
Building, N. W. corner Chartes and Saratoga streets, is 
one of the most prominent buildings erected within the 
past few years. It is of brick, with Ohio sandstone 
trimmings, and is a lofty, commodious structure. The 
halls, reading, recreation and business rooms are on 
magnificent scale, and calculated to rank the structure, 
Avhen finished, with any similar building in any other 
of the larger cities. The Association has branches in all 
the large towns of the State. 

The Young 3Ien's Catholic Association 
have their rooms and Library at the S. E. corner of 
Charles and Lexington streets. They are taking steps 
for the erection of a fine building for their purposes. 

Sayview Asgluni — the almshouse — is a very note- 
Avorthy building. It is appropriately named on account 
of its magnificent situation and the charming view of the 
Chesapeake Bay to be had from its site. The situation 
is indeed most conspicuous, for it is the first object seen 
in approaching the harbor, and is in sight from every 
other point of observation in and around the city. It is 
a large brick pile with a dome rising from the central 
building, and is the home of about 650 paupers. 



20 THE STR.i.yGEWS GUIDE 

Monuments. 

The If'ffsJthif/fon Monunienf, Baltimore hns 
merited the title of " the Monumental City," chiefly by 
its simple and beaulirul doric column to the "Father 
of his Country," which, when built between the years 
1815 and JS30, stood alone a towering shaft in the 
midst of a noble wood, on land formerly belonging to 
the country seat of General John Eager Howard, and 
known as Howard's Park. Now the monument is 
in the centre of Mt. Vernon Place, one of the most 
beautiful localities in any city of America. The Wash- 
ington Monument was "erected to George Washington 
by the State of Maryland." It is surmounted by a statue 
of Washington, 16 feet high, and the whole stands 212 
feet from the ground, and 280 feet above tide water. 
From the top, to which visitors are permitted to ascend, 
a beautiful view of the city may be had 

From the four sides of the square base of the column, 
grass plats radiate north, south, east and west, in the 
centre of Monument and Charles streets, from the inter- 
section of which the shaft rises beautifully. Mt. Vernon 
Place is a collection of magnificent dwellings, and the 
architectural effect of the surroundings is striking. Few 
American or European cities can boast of a more beauli- 
i'ul locality. 

Bdttle Monifiiienf^ erected by the city to the 
memory of the citizens who fell in defense of Baltimore 
in the war with Great Britain. It is in the centre of 
the city, at the head of what is known as Monument 
Square, (Calvert street,) in which town meetings are 
held. The Couit House and several large hotels are in 
the immediate vicinity and a hack stand is conveniently 



IJY BALTIMORE. 21 

near. The structure is 52 feet high and is of heautilul de- 
sign, intended to be allegorical. The shaft surmounting 
the monumental structure is in the form of fasces to repre- 
sent strength and union. Lachrymal urns indicate the 
purpose of the monument, and the names of those who 
lost their lives are inscribed oa the entablature. The 
whole is crowned by a female figure representing the 
City of Baltimore, having a wreath of laurel in one 
hand uplifted. 

Wells and 3IcCoinas Monument, Another 
monument commemorative of an incident of the repulse 
of the British at North Point in the land attack, Sep- 
tember 12lh, 1814, is located at Ashland Square, 
formed by the intersection of Monument, Aisquith, 
and Gay streets. This tribute is to the memory of 
two youths. Wells and McComas who are said to have 
killed the British General Ross leading the attack. 
Their bones were exhumed and deposited in the Square 
in 1858. In 1871 the monument was erected. It is a 
simple marble obelisk on a square die block and pedestal, 
the whole about 30 feet high. 

Odd Felloivs^ Memorial. On Broadway, in 
tiie eastern section of the city, a monument stands, 
erected by the Odd Fellows to Thomas Wildey, a native 
of England who introduced the order into the United 
States and is regarded as the founder in this country. 
He established the first lodge in Baltimore in 1819. The 
monument was erected in 1865, a few years after his 
death. It is a Grecian Doric column rising from a 
singular pedestal, the whole 52 feet high. The figure 
of a woman and children surmount the column. 

The Poe 3Ionnmenf. The last and the least of 
the monuments of the city, is that erected in 1875 by 



22 THE STRAJYGER'S GUIDE 

the Public Schools of Baltimore, to Edgar Allan Poe, 
the poet whose remains are buried in the Westminster 
Presbyterian Church yard, corner of Greene and Fayette 
streets. The monument is simply a pedestal or die 
block', with an ornamental cap, wholly of marble, resting 
on two marble slabs and a granite base. A medallion 
portrait of the poet by the sculptor Volck is chiselled on 
the front of the die block, and the inscription is simply 

*' Edgar Allan Poe; born Jan'y 20, 1S19; died Oct. V, Ls-l'J." 

Public Parks. 

Druid Hill Pcirk. The Parks of Baltnnore, as 
well as the Public Squares, are noted for their quiet 
beauty. Druid Hill Park, about two and a half miles 
from the centre of the city, is a Park in the true sense 
of the word, having herds of Deer ranging its thick 
green woods, and flocks of Sheep feeding on grassy hill- 
sides, adding pastoral beauty to the broad meadows. No 
one who will ride through the beautiful drives of Druid 
Hill Park, or stroll through its sunny lawns or quiet dells 
or climb its wooded hills, or rest in theshadv spots where 
Springs murmur, can fail to be impressed or delighted 
with the beauty nature has lavished on the spot. Art 
is not needed for embellishment. The few structures 
required are generally well placed and harmonize with 
the natural surroundings. 

The main approach from Madison avenue is a broad 
way through a Stone Gateway. Beyond the entrance 
is Swann Avenue, flanked with large Urns on Pedestals, 
from which, in summer lime, trailing vines hang and 
a variety of flowers grow. To the right is a Drive fifty 
feet wide and a mile and a lialf in length around 



IJV BALTIMORE. 23 

Druid Lake, belonging to the City Water Works. 
From a white Moorish Tower at the southeast cor- 
ner of this lake, there is a beautiful Bay view over- 
looking the city, and immediately below, at the base of 
the hill is Mount Royal avenue, another main approach 
from the city. Mount Royal Reservoir, close at hand, 
sends forth a feathery plume from its fountain, while a 
Jet near the western end of Druid Lake sends up a 
stream 90 to 100 feet high through a five-inch nozzle, 
forming, when playing, one of the grandest fountains 
to be seen anywhere; 

Passing from the northern extremity of Swann avenue 
through the shady walks of a delightful stretch of woods 
to the Grand Promenade, which embellishes a Central 
portion of the Park, a splendid Landscape opens to the 
view. On both sides of the promenade is a grassy 
demesne, dotted with trees and merging here and there 
into woodland, while at the end of the promenade stands 
a Turkish Kiosk, encircled by statues half hidden in 
shrubbery, and planted boldly against a back ground of 
forest and hill scenery. 

Towards the centre of the grounds is the " Mansion 
House," open in the summer for Refreshments. A 
broad piazza runs all around the house, affording seats 
for rest and observation. The cupola permits a glimpse 
of the bay. Fountains play in front, a.id a short distance 
beyond is a Lake, sometimes crowded with merry parties 
of rowers, and in winter with skaters. 

In the rear of the Mansion is a beautiful walk 
through a long valley, in which is a Pavilion containing 
the nucleus of a Zoological Collection. Garrett's bridge 
is in one of the most picturesque spots in the Park. 
Near it is the Fish Hatching House, where Food 



24 THE STRAA'GEIVS GUIDE 

Fishes in all the stages of Hatching are exposed for 
Public Instruction. 

In the north-western part of the Park, is the High 
Service Reservoir for supplying tlie highest city eleva- 
tions with water, pumped irom the Pump House near 
Druid Lake through underground mains into tiie recep- 
tacle and thence distributed. 

One of the most interesting spots in Druid Hill is the 
locality known as Tempest Hill, overlooking the valley 
of Jones' Falls and the Manufacturing; villa£:e of Wood- 
berry, where Poole &, Hunt have their Extensive Ma- 
chine Shops, and Cotton Duck and other Cotton Mills 
give employment to several thousand operatives. Wood- 
berry contains a thrifty population and is a collection 
of neat cottages and industrious inhabitants. North of 
this portion of the Park is spread out before the observer 
a rich and beautiful rolling country under cultivation. 

Seats are provided in all the choice spots of the 
Park, where the weary may rest or where the eyes of 
observers may delight to dwell on views and objects of 
interest. The numerous springs have ornamental struc- 
tures and statuary, generally contributed by liberal and 
public spirited citizens. In some of the Glades, oaks 
15 feet in circumference shade the choicest resting 
places, and the woods generally are of fine old trees 
that would ennoble any park. 

Druid Hill contains with additions 700 acres. Origi- 
nally it was 475 acres, costing in 1858, $1,000 an acre. 
The frontage on the cast side is an unbroken line along 
the Northern Central Railway and the valley of Jones' 
Falls is a mile and a quarter. 

Druid Hill Park is reached from the city by Madison 
avenue and Pennsylvania avenue street cars. Citizen's 



LY BALTIMORE. 25 

Line cars, Northern Central Railway Steam cars, from 
Calvert Depot in the cit}' to Woodberry Station, and 
Reisterstown road Horse cars. At Mt, Royal avenue 
and Madison avenue entrances. Park carriages convey 
visitors through the different drives and to all the points 
of interest. Horse cars from Boundary avenue, near the 
city street car termini, also carry passengers to the Park 
station near the Mansion. 

JPaftersou ParJc, in the eastern section of the city, 
contains some fifty-one acres of Land. It is a great 
popular resort, and in respect to the fine v\ew it affords 
of the Harbor, River and Bay, is one of the most attrac- 
tive spots in the city. The Water view is its distin- 
guishing charm. Here one may sit all the long summer 
afternoon under shade, and see the vessels come in and 
go out between the Lazaretto Light House and Fort 
McHenry at the Harbor's entrance, and beyond eight 
miles down Fort Carroll in the centre of the river, and 
still further beyond North Point Light House and the 
Bay, dotted with sails. 

Strictly speaking the ground is not a Park. The 
trees are few and generally small, affording but little 
shade, except from a few Catalpas. Judicious Garden- 
ing and engineering, however, have given the spot 
distinctive characteristics, and the work of improvement 
is continuous. On summer afternoons thousands of chil- 
dren play on the green grass and the lawns are covered 
with croquet parties. There is a Boating Lake; a Con- 
servatory newly erected after an ornamental design. 
Swings and Dancing Pavilion, and a beautiful Mall. 
Seats are provided in great numbers, but scarcely suffi- 
cient at all times to meet the wants of the crowds of 
people who visit the Park. A Playing Fountain, the 



26 THE STRA.XGER'S GUIDE 

Basin of which is filled with Gold Fish, stands opposite 
the main entrance. The Citizens Line of sti cet cars pass 
the sfreat srate. 



&' 



Water Works. 

Until the Spring of 1874, the source of the water 
supply of Baltimore city was Jones' Falls and a few 
small tributaries, gathered at Lake Roland, and thence 
conveyed to storage reservoirs and distributed. The 
capacity of Jones' Falls in dry seasons is 15,000,000 
galions daily. This came to be much below the needs 
of the city, and a temporary supply equal to 10,000,000 
gallons daily was obtained by a pump at Meredith's 
Ford on the Gunpowder river, and increasing the flow 
of Roland Run to Lake Roland. 

Now a permanent supply from the Gunpowder is 
added to the system of water works. A dam will be 
erected on the Gunpowder river a short distance above 
Mine Bank Run, and a lake thus formed will extend up 
the river as far as Meredith's Ford Bridge, at the Dula- 
ney's Valley turnpike, where the pump house, connected 
with the " Temporary Supply " is located. From this 
lake, at the dam, the water will be brought by natural 
flow through a straight conduit of 12 feet internal diam- 
eter, and having a capacity of 170,000,000 gallons per 
day, to the main distributing Lake or reservoir This 
Lake, or reservoir, is located back of Montebello, between 
the Hillen and Harford roads, in a natural basin formed 
by one of the tributaries of Herring Run. Its waier 
area will be about 80 acres and the surface elevation will 
be ICO feet above mean tide; its storage capacity, 
700,000,000 gallons. The conduit will be continued of 
the same size from Lake Montebello, to a point on the 



iJV BALTIMORE. 27 

Harford road opposite Homestead, whence pipes will be 
laid to connect with the City pipe system at North 
Boundary avenue and Washington street. 

At present water is brought Irom Lake Roland four 
miles by a brick aqueduct underground, along the Falls 
road to Hampden Reservoir; thence by two large males 
through the Stop House into Druid Lake. A third 
main from Hampden passes through the Pump House, 
Druid Hill Park, into Druid Lake and is tapped for the 
High Service Reservoir in the Park. 

Druid Lake is the great distributing body of water. 
Mt. Royal, connected with Druid Lake by Mt. Royal 
avenue, is 16 feet lower than Druid Lake, and is the 
distributing reservoir for the lower section of the City. 
Hampden Reservoir is simply the feeder for Druid Lake, 
but can be made a supply reservoir. The High Service 
Reservoir in Druid Hill Park is 350 feet above tide and 
distributes three millions of gallons daily to the highest 
elevations. 

Druid Lake is one mile and a half around ; the em- 
bankment is 60 feet thick at the top and 600 feet at the 
base ; the greatest depth of water is 65 feet and from 
that to 20 feet. 

The storage capacity of reservoirs, &c., in present use is 
as follows: Lake Roland, 300,000,000 gallons ; Hamp- 
den, 46,000,000; Conduit, 6,000,000; Druid Lake, 
520,000,000; Mt. Royal, 30,000,000; High Service 
Reservoir, 27,000,000; Total, 938,000,000 gallons. 

Utilizing Druid Hill Park with a part of the system of 
water works adds interesting features to the otherwise 
charming locality. Lakes Roland and Montebello can 
be reached in an afternoon's drive, and their situations in 
delightful and picturesque neighborhoods will well repay 
visitation. 



THE STIUAVER'S GUIDE 



Elevations Above Tide. 



Localities. Feet. 

Patterson Park, . . . 125 
Maryland Institute, . . 5 
Gay and Aisquith, . . 39 
Penitentiary Gate, . . 52 
Leadenhall & Stockholm 

sts., South Baltimore, 3 

Federal Hill, .... 85 

Baltimore & Light, . . G8 

" " Fremont, . 05 

** " Pwcpublican, 88 



Localities. Feet. 

Baltimore & Gilmor, . .112 
" " Payson, . 186 

Kichmond Market, . . 124 
Washington Monument, 98 
Eutaw and Madison, . 122 
Fayette and Fulton, . .155 
Gilmor and Preshury, . 213 
Woodyear &> Presstman, 205 
Druid Hill Park, highest, 300 



Cemeteries. 

The Principal Cemeteries of Baltimore are Green- 
mount, on the York road j Baltimore Cemetery, on the 
Belair road; Mount Olivet, Western and Loudoun Park, 
on the Catonsville road, and Mt. ('armel on the Trappe 
road. 

Qreetiiiiounf, One of the distinguishing natural 
features of Greenmount is the Beautiful Mound from 
which it takes its name, crowned Avith an Ornamental 
Brown Stone Gothic Chapel, The lots are laid out with 
stone curbing. A beautiful diversity of hill and dale, 
valley and grove, affords a good basis for ornamentation; 
but there are parts of the Cemetery already too much 
crowded ^vith glaring white marble. A gray granite 
Mausoleum of Egyptian style of Architecture is in the 
Centre of the grounds. In the great congregation of 



IJY BALTIMORE. 29 

monuments two works of Rinehart, the Maryland 
sculptor, whose remains repose ,in the Cemetery, are 
conspicuous. One of these works is a Bronze Female 
Figure above life size, standing on a granite pedestal, 
dropping- Memorial Flowers ; the other represents two 
Sleeping Children in marble. Both are works of genius. 
In all parts of the grounds the names of the noted 
dead of Baltimore may be seen — among them, Reverdy 
Johnson, Major Ringgold of Mexican War fame, and 
hundreds of others. On one of the Hills in the southern 
part of the grounds is a large Monument and Statue 
by the City of Baltimore to John McDonogh, who be- 
queathed to the city a large estate for educational pur- 
poses. 

Among the noted monuments is that of the Elder 
Booth the great tragedian, close to which, without any 
stone to designate it, is the ivy-covered grave of John 
Wilkes Booth. Tickets of admission are required of all 
who are not lot holders, and may be had at No. 53 Lex- 
ington street. The York road cars convey passengers 
within thirty feet of the main entrance and wicket. To 
the west of this is the Institution for the Blind. 

lialthnore Cemetevij is reached by the Gay street 
Red Line of cars. This burial place is at the north- 
eastern boundary of the city on an elevated situation. 
The Office of the Cemetery is at No. 8 South street. 

Mount Olivet Ceiiieteri/ is situate about 2 miles 
west of the city on the Frederick road, and from its ele- 
vated position commands an excellent view of the city 
and bay. 

Western Cemetery is located about 1 1 miles west 
of the city on the margin of Gwynn's Falls, and is 
reached by way of West Baltimore street extended. 
4 



30 . THE STR^.XGER'S GUIDE 

Loudoun JPark Ceineterij is three miles from 
Baltimore, reached by the Catonsville horse cars. The 
grouQcIs are well wooded with large trees, laid out in 
drives, and affords some magnificent views of the city 
harbor, bay, and the charming valley between the 
city and the Cemetery. Jn Loudoun Park are in- 
terred ihe remains of Confederate Soldiers, transferred 
from distant battle fields of Gettysburg, Antietam, Sec, 
or who died in Prison, A commemorative Statue occu- 
pies the centre of the rows of dead. The remains 
of 1,646 Union Soldiers are also interred in a Reserva- 
tion in another part of the Cemetery. Both spots are on 
"Memorial Days" the scene of the annual ceremony 
of Strewing Flowers, &c. Two of Rinehart's works in 
marble are among the notable Monuments of Loudoun 
Park, representing the Scriptural Declaration: "I am 
the Resurrection and the Life." The Office of the 
Cemetery is No. 19^ South street. 

The New Cathvdval Cenicferijf (Bonny Brae,) 
is located on the Old Frederick road. From the western 
part of this Cemetery one of the best views of the city 
may be had. The Cemetery is beautifully laid out. 

Suburban Drives. 

The ridges of hills surrounding P)altimore shelter the 
city, and with the influence of the water combine to 
jrive it the fine climate which is its characteristic. 
Numerous delightful drives on excellent roads may be 
found in every direction. 

On the eastward^ Shell Roads are much used for 
pleasure driving. Numerous Pavilions and Excursion 
Grounds as far down as North Point, and what is called 



Ijy BALTIMORE. 31 

" the Neck" attract pleasure seekers and fishing parties. 
The Philadelphia road East Fayette street extended, 
leads to Herring Run Trotting Course. 

North Point Battle-field is a pleasant ride from Balti- 
more via Philadelphia road, turning out on the Trappe 
road southwardly. North Point by land is fifteen miles 
from Baltimore. At the Monument House Inn, seven 
miles down, is a small monument erected to the memory 
of those who fell in defense of Baltimore in 1814. Near 
Numsen's Gate, a large tree is shown under which the 
British General Ross was killed by the youths, Wells 
and McComas. 

Oil the north-east, the Harford road, Aisquith 
street extended, leading to Belair through suburban vil- 
lages and a thickly settled and beautiful stretch of coun- 
try. One of the largest and finest estates on the road 
is Clifton, belonging to the Johns Hopkins University 
and formerly the country seat of the founder. Monte- 
bello the large estate of John W. Garrett is opposite 
Chfton and extends along the Hillen road. Horse cars 
run on the Harford road from the City Hall and North 
street to Darley Park Pleasure Grounds and to Hall's 
Springs, three and a half miles, a popular resort. 

Gay street extended is also a road to Belair, Har- 
ford county. The Red Line street cars pass a number 
of Breweries, Beer Gardens and Pleasure Resorts of 
German citizens. Among the chief of these resorts is 
the Schuetzen Park, which possesses Shooting Ranges, 
Bowling Alleys and other amusements. 

The York lioad, due north to Towsontown, the 
County Seat of Baltimore county, seven miles, is almost 
a continuous village. Horse cars leave the corner ot 
Holliday and Baltimore streets. On the line are some 



32 THE STRJ.XGER'S GUIDE 

of the finest country seats in Maryland, including 
Guildford, the splendid estate of Mr. A. S. Abell, two 
miles from the city limiis, extending westwardly from 
the York road to Charles street avenue. The trip on 
one of the " Double-Deck " cars affords a view of 
Waverly, Homewood, and Govanstown villages near 
by, and a country thickly dotted with villas, stately 
mansions, wooded hills, and cultivated fields. The 
rise of the ground is steady and a Bay view may be 
had from the road. Towsontown has two good Hotels 
and numerous Summer Boarding Houses. 

Charles street avenue on the north, is a fashion- 
able drive. This road, running nearly parallel with the 
York road is a broad avenue, and has in sight many 
manors and fine estates. Notre Dame Convent and 
School, is one of the most commanding situations near 
Baltimore, three miles from the city, and the Shepherd 
Asylum near Towsontown are among the most conspicu- 
ous buildings. The estates of Samuel H. Adams, David 
M. Ferine, William H. Perot, and others, are among the 
finest country seats on the Charles street avenue. 

On the north-ivestf where Pennsylvania avenue 
and Madison avenue street cars converge, Pimlico and 
Pikesville Horse cars continue on to Pimlico Race Course. 
Here the Maryland Jockey Club Spring and Fall Meet- 
ino-s are Turf events. The country is high and Pimlico 
is on a broad plateau. The Race Course is improved 
by a fine Club House, Grand Stand, extensive Stables, 
and other structures for the combined purposes of Agri- 
cultural Exhibitions and Jockey Club Meetings. The 
Reisterstown road leads to Pikesville and the old United 
States Arsenal. 



• IJV BALTIMORE. 33 

The Falls JRoad, Along the valley of Jones' 
Falls, on what is known as the Falls road, are many 
attractive spots. The road passes near Woodberry, 
Hampden village and Reservoir, along the covered con- 
duit line east of Mount Washington to Lake Roland. 
The two latter places, comprising charming and delight- 
ful views, are among the most interesting of Baltimore 
suburban localities, and are reached by the Northern 
Central Railway. 

Mount JVashiiigton is laid out regularly along the slope 
and summit of the ridge facing the east. Its elevation, 
purity of air and accessibility trom the city make it a 
charming Summer residence and temporary resort. It 
is also the seat of some fine Schools for young ladies. 

Uifjhland JParlx^ a suburb of handsome villas on 
regularly laid out avenues, commands a sweeping and 
magnificent view of the Bay and the intervening city.. 
This elevation is one of the highest, close to the city. 
It is reached by driving out Franklin street west, or by 
the Baltimore, Calverton and Powhattan Horse cars. 
Highland Park Hotel, open in Summer, is furnished in 
a style of great elegance. 

The Franklin road, in this neighborhood, is a delightful 
drive in view of some fine estates, including the Crimea, 
belonging to Mr. Thomas Winans. 

Windsor Heights, on the Old Windsor Mill road, is 
a delightful locality reached by the Calverton and Pow- 
hattan horse railway = 

The village of Franklin and the Western suburbs may 
be reached by horse cars from the Western terminus of 
the Red line of street cars. 

The Catonsville Horse cars carry passengers from 
West Baltimore street extended, to Catonsville and Elli 
. 4* 



34 THE STR^jXGFAVS GUIDE 

cott city. The ride is in view of numerous summer 
residences, villages, &c. Mount De Sales, Academy for 
young ladies, conducted by the Sisters of the Visitation, 
occupies the highest point of the Catonsville range of hills, 
known as Hunting Ridge. The town itself is a charming 
summer residence with a refined and cultivated society. 
Mt. De Sales is probably on as great an elevation as 
Alt. Washington, and the school is well worth a visit. 
Ellicott city beyond is reached by the Baltimore and 
Ohio Railroad, and is the seat of some of the largest 
Flouring Mills in the country. It is also one of the 
oldest towns in Maryland. The Maryland Hospital for 
the Insane, Spring Grove, is near Catonsville. 

Between Mt. De Sales and Baltimore lie numerous 
institutions, including the Passionists Monastery, oppo- 
site Loudoun Park, St Agnes' Hospital and St. Mary's 
Industrial School for Boys. 

Calverton, close to the city, is a thriving^ suburb, thick 
with drove yards, curled hair factories and flouring mills. 
Gwynn's Falls is crossed by a bridge, and on the hill 
west of the stream is the House of Refuge, a Reforma- 
tory Institution for Boys, a massive stone pile. 

Southwardly from Baltimore there are beautiful drives 
over Ferry Bar Bridge, across the Patapsco into Anne 
Arundel County. The Bridge affords a delightful Water 
view. The turnpike to Washington city is out Colum- 
bia street, south Baltimore. 

Educational Institutions. 

Public and individual contributions have for half a 
century been earnestly directed towards general educa- 
tion in the city, and Students will, in a few years, find in 



IJV BALTIMORE. 35 

Baltimore opportunities for higher cultivation not excelled 
by any other city on the American continent. Already 
the educational institutions of Baltimore rank high. 
The city has in 1876 as many as 125 Public Schools, 
706 teachers and 45.565 pupils, costing over $600,000 a 
year for maintenance. The number of schools for colored 
children is fifteen, in charge of sixty-eight white teachers, 
and_comprising 3,562 pupils. There are six English-CTcr- 
man Schools in which the German language is taught in 
connection with English branches. These schools are 
among the largest in the city. 

The United States sloop-of-war .Tuniata is at present 
stationed in the harbor for Nautical School purposes and 
training enlisted boys as seamen for the United Slates 
Naval Service. The school is already large. 

Primary, Grammar and a few Evening Schools form 
the basis of the system of public instruction. At the 
head of these is Baltimore City College for young men, 
and two Female High Schools for voung women. 
Drawing and designing is taught in all the public 
schools, and music to a certain extent. 

Added to the public schools maintained at the city's 
expense are twenty or more large and flourishing Catho- 
lic Male and Female Parochial Schools, with Colleges and 
Academies under different Religious orders. There are 
besides numerous Private Schools, Young Ladies' Semi- 
naries, &€., which are largely patronized from the South. 

For the education of Public School Teachers there is 
a Normal School with 147 pupils. A Normal School 
for the education of Catholic Parochial School Teachers 
has been organized also in connection with the Institu- 
tion conducted by tlie Sisters of the Holy Cross, near 
Lafayette Square. 



36 THE STRAAVER'S GUIDE 

The State Normal School BuiUJhig, one of the 

finest structures, architecturally, in the city, is located at 
the northwest corner of Lafayette Square. The build- 
ing is of brick and Ohio sand-stone trimmings, with 
a lofty spire and conspicuous slate roof. It fronts 120 
feet on Carrollton avenue and 105 leet on Townsend 
street. The tower at the corner of the two fronts is 20 
feet square at the base and rises 175 feet. The ventila- 
tion of the building is the most complete of all the many 
educational institutions of the city. 

There are 240 pupils in attendance at the State Nor- 
mal School. The number of graduates since 1865, 
when the School was organized, has been over 200. 
Each County in the State is entiiled to two students for 
each of its representatives in the General Assembly. 
The law requires the appointees to be not less than 16 
years of age for young women and not less than 17 
years of age for young men. A limited number of other 
pupils are taken on payment of tuition. The main 
object of the School is to give professional training to 
those who intend to become teachers. 

TJte MfU'ifhaid Institute^ for the Promotion of 
Mechanic Arts, is one ot the older institutions of Balti- 
more, in the grade of special cultivation. Its objects are 
the general diffusion of Knowledge, and especially In- 
struction in the Arts. It is located on Baltimore street 
in the centre of the city, over the Centre Market. The 
building is 350 feet long by 60 wide and three stories 
high, fronting on Baltimore street. For a long time 
the Institute Ha>l was, and is yet to a great extent, the 
great popular gathering place. 

The Maryland Institute has performed a noble mission 
in the advancement of Mechanic Arts and in the instruc- 



L\ BALTIMORE. 37 

tion of arlizans. Its Library is open every day. Its 
departments include a School of Practical Chemistrv, 
School of Design for males and females, an Educational 
Department in which women are taught Book-Keeping 
and to be Accountants, Music Schools which are largely 
attended, Public Lectures during the winter and Indus- 
trial Expositions annually until within the past year or 
so. New life will be infused into the exhibitions after 
this year, when every thing in this line is directed to the 
Philadelphia Centennial. The membership of the Mary- 
land Institute in prosperous years has averaged 2,500 to 
3,000 members. 

The JPeahody Institute at the south-east corner of 
Charles and Monument streets, occupies a higher plane 
in ihe scale of public education. It was founded in 1857 
by George Peabody, Avho had the pleasure of witnessing 
the inauguration of his generous plans for Baltimore in 
common with so many broad, benevolent inspirations in 
other cities. The Peabody Institute is a white marble 
structure, containing a large Lecture and Concert Hall, 
Library and Offices. The Conservatory of Music and 
Art Gallery is now being built as part of the orginal 
design, on Monument street adjoining the present struc- 
ture. There are four departments of the Institute, viz : 

1st. Library, 58,000 volumes, chiefly standard works 
of reference for students and scholars. Open daily from 
9 A. M. to 10 P. M. except Sundays. The Reading 
Room and books are free to all. Books are not allowed 
to be taken out. 

2d. Lectures, including the latest discoveries in 
science, and comprising about one hundred every year 
at nominal prices for the course. These lectures have 



38 THE S TRAKGER'S G UIDE 

heretofore covered the best fields and have been bv 
specialists in their different departments. 

3d. Conservatory of Music. Instruction is given to 
more advanced students by a select corps of teachers as to 
theory and execution, vocal and instrumental at exceed- 
ingly low rates. A popular feature of this department 
is the orchestra of over fifty performers, and twelve or 
more concerts yearly for public instruction and enter- 
tainment. 

4th. The Gallery of Art. This department has not 
yet been opened. The nucleus of a collection has been 
Ibrmed. One of the conspicuous attractions in the 
Institute adjoining the reading room"is a beautiful statue 
of Clytie by Rinehart. The Venus with shell and a 
bust of Pocahontas are also on exhibition. The Clytie 
is considered the masterpiece of Rinehart and one of the 
finest works of art in Baltimore. It was a gift to the 
Peabody Institute by Mr. John W. McCoy. 

The Halthnore City College, which is the head 
of the city public school system has the names of 450 
students on its roll for 1876, with eleven teachers or pro- 
fessors. The College building is on North Howard street 
near the Academy of Music. The structure is in what is 
known as the Collegiate Gothic style of architecture. Its 
outline is well broken and relieved ; the fagade is flanked 
on each side by a turret with a gable in the centre, 
relieved by a bay window on two of the three stories 
above the basement. A drinking Ibuntain is placed at the 
base of the buttress. Entrance porches are on each side 
of the centre. The main tower is 110 feet high. The 
interior is admirably arranged for school purposes. A 
Free Pgblic School Library for students and teachers 
has been founded in the College building:. 



IJV BALTIMORE. 39 

The Schools of Medicine, &c. 

TJie University of Maryland and Washing- 
ton Univei^sity are known throughout the country. 
Every year large classes of graduates receive diplomas 
here. Within the past few years the College of Physi- 
cians and Surgeons has also been added to this depart- 
ment of special instruction. 

The Maryland University School, at the corner of Lom- 
bard and Greene streets, has been in operation many 
years. Connected with it is an extensive hospital. 

Washington University tias also a large hospital corner 
of Calvert and Saratoga streets. 

Law School of the University of Maryland, 32 
Mulberry street, ranks high as a Law School. 

The fTohns Hoi^Mns University, endowed by 
a gift of over three million dollars from Johns Hopkins 
of^Baltimore, (who died December 24th, 1873.) is now 
beinir organized and will receive its faculty and students 
in the autumn of 1876. Temporary class-rooms, a 
public lecture-room, a hbrary and reading-room, and 
physical, chemical and biological laboratories, have been 
provided in North Howard street, near the City College 
and the Academy of Music. The permanent site of the 
University is expected to be at Clifton, the founder's 
estate, on the Harford road, two miles from the centre of 
the city. At the outset the literary and scientific faculty 
will be instituted; the medical and law faculties will 
follow later. The staff will include at first a President, 
eight or ten professors, ten non-resident lecturers, several 
associate instructors, and ten " Fellows," selected from 
various parts of the country. Twenty-five fr€e scholar- 
ships have also been instituted, twenty of which are 



40 THE STRAA^GEWS GUIDE 

restricted to candidates from Maryland, Virginia, and 
Nortii Carolina, and five are open by competition to 
students from any place. The foundation is free from 
political and ecclesiastical control. 

TIte Johns Hoplxins Hospital, founded also 
by a gift of over three million dollars, from Johns Hop- 
kins, will be built on Broadway, corner of Monument 
street, — the selected site embracing fourteen acres. The 
Trustees are now elaborating the plans of the structure, 
having- secured extended papers from five professional 
writers which have been published in a volume entitle 
*' Hospital Plans." It is expected that the foundations 
will be laid in the autumn of 187G. The hospital, when 
constructed, will be for all classes of cases, except those 
afflicted with contagious or mental disease. In its de- 
velopment the Hospital will include a Dispensary, a 
Training School for Nurses, and a Convalescent Hos- 
pital. It will also be connected with the Medical 
Department of the Johns Hopkins University. 

TJie Johns HopJcins Colored Oyph<ni Ast/- 
luin. The same benefactor has established an Orphan 
Asylum for three hundred colored children. The per- 
manent site is in the western suburbs of the city, and 
includes 24 acres. The temporary Home is on Biddle 
street, where about forty orphans are now cared for. 

^FrDoifOfjh FoiUHlafions. Among other found- 
ers of public educational institutions who have been 
great benefactors of Baltimore, is John McDonogh of 
New Orleans, a native of Baltimore, who died in 1850, 
and divided his vast wealth by will between the city of 
his birth and that of his business career. The share to 
Baltimore, after the estate had undergone the vicissitudes 
of the late civil war and the costs of suits, amounted to 



IJV BALTIMORE. 41 

S817,000, and some lands, the value of which is not yet 
determined. A farm scliool has been established twelve 
miles from Bahlmore, on the Western Maryland Rail- 
road. The estate is fine and productive. The school 
was organized in 1873, and has a capacity for about 
fifty boys, who are trained to out of door labor. The 
school is not reformatory, and the boys are chosen from 
amono; the virtuous poor, on evidences ot high character 
— such boys indeed as may need a lift and will after- 
wards have pluck enough to climb for themselves. 

Free Schools. 

The 3IcKim Free Scliool, under the direction 
of the Society of Friends, was founded in 1817 on be- 
quests b}-- John McKim. The classic granite structure, 
in imitation of the temple of Theseus, was built by Isaac 
McKim, at the corner of Baltimore and Aisquith streets, 
for the school. These free schools were just in advance 
of the public school system in Baltimore, since so largely 
developed. The first public school houses built by the 
city were at the north-east corner of Aisquith and Fayette 
streets, in the eastern section of the city, and at the north- 
eastern corner of Greene and Fayette streets, in the 
western section of the city. 

Tlie Oliver' Hibernian Free Schools for boys 
and girls, on North street, near Lexington street, were 
founded in 1827 by bequest of John Oliver. The schools 
have been conducted prosperously ever s'nce under the 
direction of the Hibernian Society of Baltimore. 



42 THE STR.^A'GEWS GUIDE 



Libraries and Galleries. 

Libraries, Museums and Art Galleries play an im- 
portant part in the educational resources of a city. 
Besides the Peabody and Maryland Institute libraries in 
Baltimore, should be enumerated the resources of the 
Athenaeum at the corner of St. Paul and Saratoga streets. 
In this building the Mercantile Library Association has 
its rooms on the first floor. It is a circulating library 
of 25,000 vohimes of general current literature. The 
membership is chiefly of persons in mercantile pursuits 
and employees. The library is open daily. The second' 
floor is occupied by the rooms of the Maryland Historical 
Society, which has 3,500 volumes of material formirg 
the basis of the history of Maryland and other Slates, 
including several hundred volumes of newspapers. The 
literary treasures of the Society are very valuable. The 
rooms contain, besides, original documents and writings 
of eminent men of colonial and revolutionary times, 
relics and curiosities. Among the relics is the famous 
Pulaski banner, wrought and presented to the gallant 
Pole by the Moravian nuns of Bethlehem, Pa. ; also an 
original portrait of Lord Baltimore. On the third floor 
is a large collection of valuable paintings. Some of 
these works are large, and comprise copies of noted 
masterpieces. There are portraits also of Jerome Bona- 
parte and his wife, who was Miss Elizabeth Patter- 
son of Baltimore. In the same building is a collec- 
tion of casts and statuary, representing many antiques. 
The collection, though not large, is well worth a visit. 
There is no charge for admission to any part of the 
Athenaium. 



JJV BolLTlMORE. 43 

3Iaryland Academy of Sciences, Among the 
most interesting objects of interest to Marylanders, 
especially is the Museum of the Maryland Academy 
of Sciences on Mulberry street, opposite Cathedral 
street. Here the energetic members of this scientific 
association have collected specimens of nearly all the 
many varieties of fishes found in Maryland waters, 
with geological and mineral specimens, animals, birds, 
insects, &c. The collection is probably more complete 
than that possessed in any other State. The Museum 
is free and open daily. 

Art Galleries, Though there are no striking or 
conspicuous Public Art Galleries, taste for art is widely 
diffused in the community of Baltimore, where, it has 
been seen, the means for cultivation begins with the 
lowest grades of public schools, A number of citizens 
have very large and valuable private collections. One 
of these is Mr. Wm. T. Walters, No. 65 Mt. Vernon 
Place, who possesses probably a collection not surpassed 
for quality in any other American city. His gallery is 
superbly fitted; comprises about 170 first class works, 
including specimens of Delaroche, Breton, Hubner, Ca- 
lame, Desgoffe, Van Marcke, Frere, Boughton, Gleyre, 
Gerome, Schreyer, Plassan, Jimenez, Zamacois and 
others. 

It is designed to make the Art Gallery of the Peabody 
Institute equal to the Corcoran Gallery in Washington. 
In addition to the endowment resources of the Peabody, 
public spirited citizens have already contributed liberally 
towards this end, among them Mr. John W. Garrett, 
who has given $15,000 to procure casts of the leading 
works of antiquity, to be ready for use by the time the 
additional buildings, now in process of erection, are. 
completed. 



44 THE STRJ1J\'GEWS GUIDE 

Churches. 

Where tliere are so many churches, it is not deemed 
essential to do more in the limited space of this book 
than to name the most conspicuous of each of the lead- 
ing denominations. 

Denomination- Location. Pastors. 

Baptist Eutaw Place Richard Fuller. 

Catholic Cathedral, Cathedral st ....Archbishop Bayley. 

Evang. Lutheran. .Fremont and Lanvale sts.T. H. Barclay. 

Methodist Epis. ...Mount Vernon Place J. O. Peck. 

Methodist South.. ^"ayette, near Repub!ican...S. K. Cox. 

Methodist Ind Le.xington and Calhoun.... R S. Moran. 

Methodist Prot....Poppleton street S B. Southerland. 

Presbyterian Madison and Park sts J. C. Backus. 

" Associate Ref. Fayette street John Leyburn. 

Prot. Episcopal ...Charles and Saratoga sts. ..J. S. B. Hodges. 

Reformed Epis Bolton, near Lanvale st Wm M. Postlethwait. 

Swedenborgian Calvert, north of Chase st.W. G. Day. 

Unitarian Franklin and Charles sts .C. R. Weld. 

Universalist Bait st., near Central av...G. W Powell. 

Hebrew Synag'e... .Lexington street Dr. Jacob D. Mayer. 

The corner stone of the Cathedral was laid in 1806 by 
Bishop John Carroll. It was dedicated in 1821, and all 
debts having been paid, was consecrated May 25th, 1876. 
The first provincial council of American Bishops in 
1829, and all subsequent councils up to the first Plenary 
Council in 1866, were held in the Cathedral. The 
founder, Bisliop Carroll, was the first American Bishop, 
and the See of Baltimore has ever since been the chief 
See of the Catholic Church in the United States. The 
building' has all the characteristics of a grand and impos- 
ing Cathedral. 

The First Presbyterian Church, corner of Park and 
Madison streets, is of brown stone, with towers rising 



LX BALTIMORE. 45 

from the pavement, in graceful lines. The spire is 268 
feet high, and the side towers 78 and 128 feet high. 

Mount Vernon Place M. E. Church has been built 
five or sir" years. Its spire is nearly as lofty as the 
Washington Monument, near which it rises. The ma- 
terial is different colored stone and the architecture 
strikingly beautiful. 

Other churches conspicuous for architecture are Christ 
Church, Prot. Episcopal, corner of St. Paul and Chase 
streets; Eutaw Place Baptist Church ; St. Peter's P. E. 
Church, corner of Druid Hill avenue and Lan vale street , • 
Franklin Square Presbyterian Church; Brown Memorial 
Presbyterian Church, corner of Park avenue and Dolphin 
street, and the First English Lutheran Church, Fremont 
and Lanvale streets. 

Theatres, 

Six theatres afford lyric and dramatic entertainment. 
These places of amusement are all reached by the dif- 
ferent lines of street cars. 

The most imposing " temple of the drama " in the 
city is the Academy of Music, a magnificent neAv struc- 
ture on North Howard street, near Franklin street. The 
Academy was opened January 5th, 1875; its cost was 
something over $400,000. The main auditorium has a 
seating capacity of 2,000. The vestibule is very large, 
with cafes on each side, over which is a foyer or music 
hall 80x100 feet. The whole building is 102x250 feet, 
handsomely furnished and decorated, and lighted by 
electricity. The acoustic qualities of the theatre are 
perfect; the stage is large and scenery good. The seats 
are iron-folding arm chairs. 
5* 



46 THE STRJJS'GEIVS GUIDE 

Ford's Grand Opera House, Fayette street near Eutaw 
street and the HolJiday street Theatre opposite the City 
Hall are also new buildings provided with all modern 
conveniences. Both theatres are under the management 
of Mr. John T. Ford. The Opera House has a seating 
capacity of 2,000 and the Holliday 1,500. 

Front street Theatre, Front street, near Gay street, is 
the only old theatre left standing as a connecting link 
between the past and the present of the stage. 

Concordia Opera House, is a German theatre, con- 
taining in the same building the club rooms of the 
Concordia Society, a rich association of the wealthier 
German citizens. The building was erected in 1865-6, 
and is a very handsome structure on South Eutaw 
street, near Baltimore street. 

The Central Theatre is a new variety theatre near the 
bridge on East Baltimore street. 

Business and other Places. 

The Post Office and Custom House are in the Gov- 
ernment Building, bounded by Second, Gay and Lom- 
bard streets. 

Exchange Reading Rooms — entrances from Exchange 
Place and Second street, between South and Gay streets. 

Corn and Flour Exchange, cor. South and Wood sts. 

Board of Trade, office New Exchange Building. 

Signal Service Weather Observation Office, corner of 
Second and Water streets. 

Masonic Temple, North Charles street, near Saratoga. 

Odd-Fellows Hall, North Gay street, near Fayette. 

Germania Club, No. 1 81 West Fayette street. 

Maryland Club, N. E. cor. Franklin and Cathedral sts. 



IJV BALTIMORE. 47 

Allston Association, N.E. cor. Franklin and Ciiarles sts 

Wednesday Club, No. 44 North Charles street. 

University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greene 
and Lombard streets. 

Washington University School of Medicine, Calvert 
and Saratoga streets. 

Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, Eutaw and 
Lexington streets. 
Maryland Dental College, No. 42 N. Calvert street. 

Maryland Penitentiary and Jail, Madison street east 
of Buren street. 

Bayview Asylum, (Almshouse,) Eastern avenue ex- 
tended, between the Philadelphia and Mount Carmel 
Cemetery roads. 

Foreign Consuls. 

Country. Name. Location. 

Great Britain D. Donohue Exch. Read'g Rooms. 

France Count de Montcabrier...54 Franklin. 

Spain M. Y. Colon 4-1 Courtland. 

Mexico C. D. de Kafart 65 S. Gay. 

Germany W. Dresel 37 S. Gay. 

Belgium , G. 0. Gorter, Camden & Sharp sts. 

Russia 0. Nitze 7 South. 

Italy E. de MeroUa 23 S. Gay. 

Netherlands Claas Vocke 100 S. Charles. 

Sweden & Norway...-!. A. Solberg j q- q Q^iy, 

Denmark W. Erichson 3 

Uruguay P. de Murguiondo ,.77 Cathedral. 

Argentine Rep C. Morton Stewart \ 52 3, Gay. 

Brazil C. O. O'Donnell i 

Portugal Robert Lehr 29 S. Charles. 

Chili and Peru Washington Booth 6 S. Gav. 

Nicaragua Basil Wagner "^o S. Gay. 

Austria J. D. Kremelberg 5G S. Gay. 



48 THb: STRAJVGEWS GUIDE 

City Railways. 

Green Line, from city limits Pennsylvania avenue, to 
Philadelphia depot. 

Red Line, from West end Baltimore street to Balti- 
more Cemetery. 

Blue Line, from terminus Light St., to end of Charles st. 

White Line, from Thames st. to Station, North ave. 

Eutaw street and Camden depot, from Baltimore street 
to Camden depot. 

Canton Lice, from North avenue toToone street. 

Citizens' Line, from Druid Hill to Patterson Park. 

Park avenue Line, from South and German streets to 
Mt. Royal Reservoir and Charles street avenue. 

Single fares on city street cars uniformly G cents. 

Suburban Railways. 

Catonsville Railway, depot West end Baltimore street. 

York Road Railway, i'rom Baltimore and IloUidny 
streets for Towsontown and Govanstown. 

Baltimore, Peabody Heigiits and Waverly Railway, 
from North Charles street and Boundary avenue. 

Baltimore, Calverton and Powhatan Railroad, connect 
AAiih Red Line, West Baltimore street. 

Baltimore and Hall's Springs Railway, from City 
Hall, North street to Darley Park and Hall's Springs. 

Expresses. 

Adams Express, office 1 04 West Baltimore street. 

Pennsylvania R. R. Baggage Express, north-east cor- 
ner Calvert and Baltimore streets. 

McFarland, Stephenson 8i Co. 's Express, oflfice 114 
South Eutaw street. 

McClintock's Baggage Express, Camden Station, 
Office, 149 West Baltimore street. 

-Virginia Express Company, Washington and George- 
town. Office, 128 West Lombard street. 

Union Transfer Company Baggage Express. Office, 
143 and 150 West Baltimore street. 



LY BALTIMORE. 49 

Hotels. 

Barn urn's Hotel, Calvert and Fayette streets. 
Carrollton Hotel, Baltimore, Light and German streets. 
Eutaw House, Baltimore and Eutaw streets. 
General Wayne Hotel, Baltimore and Paca streets. 
Guy's Monument House,* Calvert and Fayette. 
Gibbon's Hotel, Howard and Sarato,o;a streets. 
Howard House, Howard street, near Baltimore. 
Maltby House, Pratt, between Charles and Light. 
Mansion House, Fayette and St. Paul streets. 
Miller's Hotel, Paca and German streets. 
Mount Vernon Hotel,* 81 West Monument street. 
Pepper's Hotel,* Baltimore street, near North. 
Rennerl House,* Fayette street, near Calvert. 
St. James Hotel, Charles and Centre streets. 
St. Clair Hotel, Calvert street, near Fayette. 
Three Tuns Hotel, Pratt and Paca streets. 
Marlved thus * are European plan. 

Banks. 

National Bank of Baltimore, Bait, and St. Paul sts. 
National Union Bank, Fayette st., east of Charles. 
Franklin Bank, South street, opposite German. 
Marine Bank, Gay and Second streets. 
Far. &, Merchants' Nat. Bank, Lombard and South sts. 
Merchants' National Bank, Gay and Second streets. 
National Mechanics Bank, Calvert and Fayette sts. 
Com. and Farmers' Nat. Bank, Howard and German. 
Western National Bank, Eutaw st. near Fayette. 
Chesapeake Bank, corner North and Fayette streets. 
Nat. Farmers and Planters' Bank, South and German. 



50 THE STR.iJVGER'S GUIDE 

Citizens' National Bank, Hanover and Pratt streets. 

Howard Bank, Howard and Fayette streets. 

Bank of Commerce, No. 26 South street. 

People's Bank, Baltimore and Paca streets. 

First Nat. Bank of Baltimore, No. 8 south Gay street. 

Second Nat. Bank of Baltimore, 147 south Broadway. 

Third Nat. Bank of Baltimore, No. 31 South street. 

National Exchange Bank, No. 4 south Sharp street. 

German Bank of Baltimore, Holliday and Baltimore. 

Old Town Bank, Gay and Exeter streets. 

German American .Bank, No. 173 South Broadway. 

United German Bank, Baltimore st. and Post Office av. 

Drovers and Mechanics' Bank, Bait, and Carey sis. 

Gefman Central Bank, Raine's Building. 

Traders' National Bank, German and Light streets. 

There are eight Savings Banks, having an aggregate 
of sixty or seventy thousand depositors, and twenty or 
twenty-five millions of dollars on deposit. 

Telegraphs. 

Western Union — Principal office, south-west corner 
Baltimore and Calvert streets. 

Branches — Carrollton Hotel ; Mount Vernon Hotel ; 
corner Pennsylvania avenue and I'ownsend street ; How- 
ard House; Eutaw House; Wilhelm's Hotel, drove 
yards; Calverton Hotel, drove yards ; Stock Board, No. 
12 South street; Corn Exchange, South street; No. 78 
Light-street wharf; Locust Point; Boston street. Canton ; 
No. 39 South street ; Jackson's wharf, foot Bond street ; 
President street Depot; Union Depot; Camden Station ; 
Fulton Depot; Mount Clare Station; Calvert Station. 

Franklin — Offices, 131 West Baltimore street; No. 
32 South street; Eutaw House; corner St. Paul and 



IJY BALTIMORE. 51 

Baltimore streets ; corner Hanover and German ; corner 
Gay and Lombard streets; No. 58 Exchange place; Alice 
Ann and Boston streets. Canton. 

Foreign Steamers. 

Baltimore and Bremen Line, European Pier, Locust 
Point ; office No. 9 South Charles street. 

Baltimore and Liverpool Allan Line, same. 

Beaver Line, Liverpool, European Pier, Locust Point ; 
office Gay and Lombard streets. 

Coastwise and Bay Steamers. 

Boston and Providence Line, wharf and office foot ot 
Long Dock, Centre Market. 

Charleston, S. C, Steamers, office 45 South Gay st. 

Savannah, Ga., Steamers, wharf and office foot of 
Long Dock. 

Bay Line, Norfolk, Va., wharf and office Union Dock, 
foot of Mill street. 

York River and Richmond, Va., Steamers, Pier 10, 
Light street. 

Potomac River Steamers, Pier 10, Light street. 

Ericsson Steamers via Canal to Philadelphia, Pratt 
and Light streets. 

Patuxent River Steamers, Pier 8, Light street. 

AVilmington, N. C, Steamship Line, corner Light 
and Hughes street, office 50 South street. 

Newbern, N. C, Steamers, Pier 10, Light street. 

Powhattan, Richmond and Petersburg Steamers, Pier 
2, Light street. 

Baltimore and Fredericksburg Steamers, Pier 9, Light 
street. 

Eastern Shore Steamers to Lower MaryJand and Eas- 
tern Shore of Virginia, foot of South street. 

Maryland Steamboat Company, to Annapolis, West 
River, Easton, Oxford, Cambridge, Denton, and Wi- 
comico and Piankatank rivers ; Pier 3, Light street. 

Chester River Steamers, Pier 7, Light street. 

Sassafras River Steamers, Pier 6, Light street. 



52 THE STRAA^GEWS GUIDE 

Daily Newspapers. 

The American, S. W. corner Baltimore and South sts. 
'J'he Sun, S. E. corner Baltimore and South streets. 
The Gazette, No. 106 W. Baltimore street. 
Evening News, No. 133 Baltimore streets. 
Baltimore Bee, No. IGo North street. 
German Correspondent, Bait. st. and Post Office av. 
Wecker, (German.) No. 88^ Baltimore street. 

Hackney Coach Regulations. 

To or from Steamboat or Railroad Stations to any 
Hotel or private House in any part of the city — 
one passenger,. ....... Tacts. 

For each additional passenger, . . . . 25 '* 

For each trunk, box or bag, sufficiently large to be 

strapped on, . . . . . . . 15 " 

No charge for small parcels put in the carriage. 

City, From any one point within the city limits to 

another — one passenger, . . . 75cts. 

For each additional passenger, . ' . . 25 " 

Thne, For one hour, $1 50 

For each additional hour, ... 1 HO 
Same rates for all fractions of an hour, but no charge for 
less than a quarter of an hour. 

livening and Night, For Hacks taken from the 
stand to any part of the city, as follows : 
From 1st of May to 3d September, inclusive, after 

8 o'clock, P. M., for a single passenger, . . 75 cts. 
If more than one, each . . . . , . 50 " 

Like sum for returning. 

From the 1st October to 30th April, inclusive, after 7 
o'clock, P. M., the same. No charge for baggage. 

General Rules, 1. An additional allowance fo 
carriage only when sent from stand, 25 cents. 

2. Children over ten years, half price; under ten, no charge. 

3. The Police force are strictly enjoined to enforce these 
Rules. 



]A' BALTIMORE. 



Distances from Baltimore. 



Places. Miles. 

Annapolis, Md 38 

Altoona, Pa 217 

Alexandria, Va 47 

Augusta, Ga 709 

Atlanta, Ga 762 

Boston, Mass 420 

Buffalo, N. Y 431 

Covington, Ky 647 

Cambridge, Md 90 

Cumberland, Md 178 

Cincinnati, 589 

Charlottesville, Va 157 

<!harleston, S. C GOO 

Chicago, 111 830 

Danville, Va 311 

Erie, Pa 426 

Elmira, N. Y 256 

Frederick, Md 61 

Frostburg, Md 195 

Fredericksburg, Va 109 

Fort Wayne, Ind 654 

Grafton, W. Va 279 

Galveston, Texas 1,711 

Hagerstown, Md 103 

Havre de-grace, Md.... 36 

Harrisburg, Pa.. 85 

Harrisonburg, Va. ...... 152 

Hartford, Conn 829 

Lancaster, Pa 85 

Louisville, Ky 696 

6 



Places. Miles. 

Leavenworth, Kan 1,277 

Lynchburg, Va 218 

Martinsburg, W. Va... 100 

Macon, Ga 885 

Mobile, Ala 1,065 

Montgomery, Ala 899 

Memphis, Tenn 971 

Norfolk, Va 190 

New York City 188 

New Haven, Conn 262 

New Orleans, La 1,223 

Parkersburg, W. Va... 383 

Pittsburg, Pa 328 

Philadelphia, Pa 98 

Portland, Me 530 

Providence, R. 1 374 

Petersburg, Va 193 

Richmond, Va 170 

Savannah, Ga 704 

San Francisco, Cal 3,263 

Staunton, Va 193 

St. Louis, Mo 931 

Vicksburg, Miss 1,302 

Washington, D. C 40 

Westminster, Md 36 

Wheeling, W. Va 379 

Wilmington, Del 70 

Winchester, Va 113 

Wilmington, N. C 418 



54 PHILADELPHIA. 

Baltimore to Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia, Wilmington 8c Baltimore Railroad 
Distances. 



98 


Baltimore. 





40 


Newark. 


58 


79 


Magnolia. 


19 


28 


Wilmington. 


70 


02 


Havre de Grace. 


36 


14 


Chester. 


84 


52 


North East. 


46 


12 


Ridley Tark. 


80 


46 


Elkton. 


52 





Philadelphia. 


98 



Baltimore Depots : President street and Charles street. 

All steel rail double tracks, entering the Centennial 
Grounds at West Philadelphia and Philadelphia at Broad 
and Prime streets. 

Time on Limited Express, 2h. 39m., and on Express 
trains, 3h. 40m. to 4h. 

Stenmiei'^s Ilun, Leaving the depot and passing 
in fine view of the harbor, the first station on the road'^s 
Stemmer's Run, a favorite resort for tishing parlies. 

Middle liicer, at the head of " the necks,'* the 
headquarters of the Maryland Yacht Club, and a favorite 
locality on account of the fine duck shooting between the 
months of October and January, and early in the Spring. 
Middle River is one of the feeding grounds of the famous 
canvas back duck. 

Edgeiroodf 21 miles from Baltimore, the nearest 
point to Bslair, the seat of Harford county. 

Bush JUver, 25 miles; a much frequented section 
for shooting and fishing. 

Havre de Grace, 30 miles, on the west side of the 
Susquehanna river, the terminus of the Chesapeake and 
Tide Water Canal, and a large coal and lumber depot con- 
nected with Port Deposit, five miles above on the river. 
From this point the fine railroad bridge of thirteen spans. 



PHILADELPHIA. b5 

seven of ihem of iron superstructure, crosses the Susque- 
hanna to Perry ville, a distance of 250 feet. The bridge is 
fifty feet above the water, and ahhough double tracks 
are laid, two trains are not permitted to pass over at the 
same time. ]No foot passengers are allowed to cross the 
bridge, but the trains are free, by law, to all for crossing. 
Grand views of the river above, and a wide prospect of 
the mouth of the river as it empties into Chesapeake 
Bay are presented. The river was formerly crossed by 
transferring trains on a ferry boat, which was the first of 
the kind ever constructed. The present bridge is built 
on great granite piers constructed by coffer dams and 
was completed in 1866. Between the Susquehanna and 
Baltimore, Back river. Gunpowder river and Bush river 
are crossed on Jong trestle bridges. 

North East, at the head of North East river, 4C 
miles from Baltimore, the locality of the extensive 
McCullough Iron Works. 

JElh'ton, The seat of Cecil County, Maryland, situ- 
ated at the head of the Elk river and four miles west of 
the boundary line between Maryland and Delaware. 

Newark, The first station on the Road in Dela 
ware. 

Wilniington. Originally a Swedish settlement, now 
the most important citv in the State of Delaware. It is 
on Christiana Creek just above its junction with the 
Brandy wine river, and the upper part of the city is 1 10 
feet above the tide commanding an extensive view of the 
Delaware river. It is noted. for its manufactures, which 
include seven flour mills that grind a million and a half 
bushels of wheat annually, a large powder mill, cotton 
factories, a paper mill, several woolen factories, seven 
iron foundries, and iron steamship works that turn out. 
fifty iron steamers in a year. Iron ship building is the 



56 PHILADELPHIA. 

greatest mechanical industry of the city. A historic 
rehc of much interest is the Old Swedes' Church with 
its surrounding graveyard over 200 years old, 

Chester, The oldest town in the State of Pennsyl- 
vania having been settled by the Swedes in 1643, It 
was originally called Upland, The precise spot is shown 
where William Penn landed here on his arrival from 
England, The building of iron steamships is carried 
on extensively. Six miles west of Chester, just beyond 
the line dividing Delaware and Pennsylvania, is Brandy- 
wine Creek the scene of the battle of Brandy wine during 
the revolutionary war, where General Lafayette was 
wounded. 

liidley Park, A new and handsome station, 11 
miles from Philadelphia with fine residences, a good 
hotel, and a magnificent view of Delaware Bay. This 
is the locality selected by the Knights Templar for their 
Centennial encampment and several thousand members 
of that order are expected to visit the place during the 
summer. 

The Centennial Exhibition, 

In Philadelphia this year the " great attraction " is of 
course the Centennial Exposition. The grounds are 
connected with the entire steam railway system of the 
country. The price of admission at the gates is 5U cents 
and the hours, from 9 A. M. to 6 P. M, except Sundays. 

The site of the Exposition is Fairmount Park, west 
of the Schuylkill river and nonh of Girard and Elm 
avenues, on a plateau 90 feet above the river. The 
boundaries are South, Elm avenue from Forty-first to 
Forty -second streets; West, the Park drive to George's 
Hill, with tlie Concourse; North, Belmont drive from 
George's Hill to the foot of Belmont; and East, Lans- 



PHILADELPHM. 57 

downe drive from Belmont to Forty-first street. There 
are thirteen entrances along the boundary drive. Fair- 
mount Park itself has 3,000 acres. 

The Exhibition Buildings proper are five in 
in number : 

Main Building, 21 i acres. Horticultural Hall, \h, acres. 
Art Gallery, If acres. Agricultural Hall, 10 acres. 

Machinery Hall, 14 acres. Total, 48 J acres. 

''Annex''' buildings, made necessary for requirements 
of exhibition space, cover 261 acres additional, making 
about 15 acres in all covered by main exhibition build- 
ings, which is the largest acreage of any previous Expo- 
sition. Vienna, in 1873, had 50 acres; Paris, 1867, A^ 
acres ; London, 1862, 24 acres. 

IT. States Government Exhibition Building, H acres. 

Area of enclosed grounds, 236 acres. 

Avenues and walks, 7 miles. 

Total number of buildings 180. 

Average distance between buildings, 550 feet. 

The total cost of the Exhibition is set down as 
$6,724,850. Of this $2,357,750 have been secured by 
stock subscriptions, $330,000 by gifts, concessions and 
interest, $1,000,000 appropriated by the State of Penn- 
sylvania, $1,500,000 appropriated by Philadelphia and 
$1,500,000 appropriated by Congress. 

State JBuildingSf Arkansas, California, Connecti- 
cut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, lo.wa, Kansas, Maryland, 
Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Missis- 
sippi, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, 
Ohio, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, 
Wisconsin. . 

Foreign Countries reiyresented, Argentine 
Republic, Austria, Africa, (orange free State,) Belgium, 
6* 



58 PHILADELPHIA. 

Brazil, Chili, China, Denmiirk, Egypt, France, German 
Empire, Greece, Hawaiian Islands, Italy, Japanese 
Empire, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Peru, Portugal, 
llussia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Tunis, 
Venezuela, United Kingdom and Colonies, embracing 
Bahamas, Bermuda, British Guiana, Cape of Good 
Hope, Canada, Jamaica, New South Wales, New Zea- 
land, Greenland, South Australia and Victoria. 

Foreign Buildings. Great Britain, 4; France, 4; 
Japan, 3 ; Spain, 3 ; Germany, Brazil, Sweden, Canada, 
Turkey, Morocco, Tunis, Chili, Austria, Natives of Jeru- 
salem, 1 each. 

St. George's Ilouse, headquarters of the British 
Commission, is provided with quarters for the various 
British Colonial Commissioners, viz.: Dominion of 
Canada, Victoria, New South Wales, (Queensland, 
South Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, Cape of 
Good Hope, Jamaica, Bermuda and the Bahamas. 

Tlie first Foundation Stone laid for the Centen- 
nial buildings was for Memorial Hall. This is a stone 
structure designed to remain hereafter. At tlie time this 
foundation was begun there was not a single building or 
even the material for any except Memorial Hall on the 
jxronnds. In the brief space of two years three green 
fields have been graded, divided by broad and beautiful 
walks, drained, laid out into graded plats, and the greater 
part of them covered with beautiful buildings, numbering 
about one hundred and eighty in all, and some of them 
structures which have brought into play an immense 
amount of money, labor and mechanical ingenuity. 

Restaurants. The Great American, French, Res- 
taurant of the South, German Restaurant, Vienna 
Bakery and Coffee House, and others. 



PHILdDELPHM. 59 

3Iiscellaneous Buildings. The Women's In- 
diisirial Pavilion, Shoe and Leather Exhibition Building, 
Brewer's Building, and separate structures in the interest 
of other trades and a Photographic Gallery. 

Memorial Monuments. To Religious Liberty, 
by the Hebrews near the Art Gallery ; Fountain of the 
Catholic Total Abstinence Union of America, with 
figures of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, Archbishop 
John Carroll of Baltimore, Fa' her Mathew and Com- 
modore Barry; Columbus Monument, a colossal statue 
to the disr-overer of America. 

The Maryland State JBnilding, situated among 
other State buildings, is a House of Call for the South. 
The building contains parlors and exhibition rooms, and 
a very fair representation of the mineral, agriculture and 
water productions of the State, souvenirs of colonial and 
revolutionary periods illustrating the history of the State, 
&c. The industries of the State are exhibited in the 
main buildinsrs accordinor to their character. 



What to See in Six Days. 

Take a room near the Centennial Exposition grounds 
and commence on the first day by entering on Belmont 
avenue, turn to the right and you are in the main build- 
ing, with a day's work before you and a trip around the 
world. Still keeping to the right, we enter Chili and the 
Argentine Republic, which with Peru and the Orange 
Free State form the first section, and contain much that 
is of interest. Then the old nations of China and Japan, 
WMth curious exhibits of bronzes, straw work, silk and 
mattings. Next Denmark, then Turkey and Egypt, fol- 
lowed by the beautiful pavilion of Spain and the exhibits 



09 PHILADELPHIA. 

of Russia, Austria, Hungary and the German Empire 
united, and one-fourth of the day's work has been accom- 
plished. We are now in tlie centre of the building, and 
if tired can rest and listen to the music of Gilmore's band, 
or push on to the exhibits of our own country, which 
occupy fully one-fourth of the main building. On arriv- 
ing at the extreme end, go up in the gallery and view the 
wonderful vista which extends for nearly half a mile be- 
iore the eye. 

Returning, we leave the United States and passing 
through Mexico, the Netherlands, Brazil, Belgium and 
Switzerland, reach France and England, where hours 
can be spent with pleasure and profit. Then passing 
through Canada, Australia, Sweden, Norway and Italy, 
we have reached our startinor point, and the bell chimes 
give notice that it is 6 o'clock, and time to close. Tired, 
we go to our hotel for a rest, and then if so inclined spend 
the evening at Operti's Garden, or go down in the city 
and visit Independence Hall, and thus has passed the 
first day. The second day should be devoted to the Ma- 
chinery Hall, the Shoe and Leather Building, the Glass 
Factory, and the buildings in the vicinity. The third 
day visit the Art Gallery and its annexes, the Photo- 
graphic Gallery and the Carriage Building, v/ith a look 
at Judges' Hall. The fourth day can be pleasantly spent 
])y a visit to the Government Building, the Women's 
Pavilion, the Model of Paris and the State Buildings. 
The fifth day can be given to the Horticultural and 
Agricultural Buildings. Devote the sixth day to an 
examination of the smaller buildings. Then take a boat 
up the Schuykill, visit the Zoological Gardens, Fair- 
mount Park, the Wissahickon, and spend the evening 
at the Academy of Fine Arts, and the week has passed 
with both pleasure and profit. 



.iJWJYJPOLIS. 61 

Baltimore to Annapolis. 

Routes by rall^ Bait. &- Ohio and Potomac roads. 

By water, steamers from Light street piers. 

Excursions from Baltimore or Washington to An- 
napolis and return, may be made in one day Aviih 
ample time for observation. 

Excursions from Baltimore to Annapolis by water are 
almost daily during summer, affording excellent oppor- 
tunity for seeing the Chesapeake bay. 

AiinapoliSf the capital of Maryland, was settled in 
1650 and incorporated 1708. Many stately old colonial 
mansions built before the revolution still remain. 

The State House fronts east and commands a mag- 
nificent sweep of the fine harbor and bay. Its surround- 
ing grounds slope on the sides and front, and are well 
kept. The State House was built in 1773, and is a large 
old brick building of fine architectural proportions, the 
dome rising 200 feet from the ground, forming a con- 
spicuous landmark above the surrounding houses on 
approaching the city from the bay. 

The legislative halls, separated by a lofty and spacious 
rotunda, occupy the first floor of the building. 1'he 
Executive Chambers and Court of Appeals rooms are 
in the second story, and the State Library, is on the 
west side of the building and contains 40,000 volumes. 
The Hall of the House of Delegates is very plain. The 
Senate Chamber, a smaller apartment, is tastefully fur- 
nished. In this chamber, in 1783, General Washing- 
ton resigned his commission. A painting on the walls 
illustrates the event. There are also portraits of Charles 
Carroll of Carrollton, Samuel Chase, William Paca and 
Thomas Stone, the four Maryland signers of the Decla- 



62 ^A'JVAPOLJS. 

ration of Independence, and John Eager Howard. An 
historical painting by Charles Wilson Peale, in which 
"Washington and his aides-de-camp. La Fayette and 
Tilghman are represented, hangs in the Hall of Dele- 
gates. There are portraits of the Governors in the 
Executive Chamber. 

One of the most interesting works of art in Annapolis 
is a colossal bronze statue on granite pedestal, of Roger 
B. Taney, late Chief Justice of the United States, by 
Rinehart, the Maryland sculptor. The statue was 
erected by the State of Maryland. It is directly in iront 
of the main entrance to the Capitol. The Chief Justice 
is represented in a sitting posture, and the sculptor has 
inspired the bronze features with a cast of profound 
meditation. 

The Executive Mansion , a short distance west 
of the State House, is a new brick house, large and 
commodious, surrounded by ample grounds. Its pres- 
ent occupant is John Lee Carroll, grandson of Charles 
Carroll of Carrollton. 

The United States Nival Academy, School for cadet- 
midshipmen and engineers is on the Severn river on the 
northern boundary of Annapolis. The grounds com- 
prise 50 acres, beautifully laid out and the buildings are 
lumierous and handsome. On the water front and at 
the piers, training ships, monitors, and other war vessels 
lie moored or at anchor. The *' Old Chapel," or mu- 
seum of implements of warfare is open to visitors, and 
contains besides trophies of naval victories, a fine collec- 
tion of weapons, specimens of naval machinery, models 
ot famous war vessels. Among the trophies is a cannon 
that belonged to Cortez brought from Mexico, mementos 
ot Perry's victory on Lake Erie and of the recent brush 
with the Coreaiis. 



BLUE RIDGE MOUjXTAIJYS. 63 

Other Public Buildings in Annapolis are St. John's 
College, founded in 1784; St. Anne's Protestant Epis- 
copal Church; St. Mary's Catholic Church; the Re- 
demptorist College, which includes in its buildings the 
old mansion of Charles Carroll of Carrollton ; and the 
old Assembly Rooms. 

Baltimore to the Blue Ridge Mountains. 

Western Maryland Railroad Distances. 

92 Baltimore, 44 Frederick Junction, 48 

81 Greenwood, 11 24 Blue Eidge, 68 

73 Reisterstown, 19 G Hagerstown, 8G 

59 Westminster. 33 Williamsport, 92 

Time : Through Passenger, 4h., 40in. Depot, corner 
Hillen and Exeter streets. 

On account of elevation and purity of atmosphere, 
numerous summer resorts have been established on the 
line of the Western Maryland Raikoad. Mount Hope 
Asylum is seven miles from the city on this line. 
Greenwood is an extensive excursion ground ; West- 
minster, a thriving town surrounded by numerous dairy 
farms ; Avondale, 36 miles from Baltimore, the seat of 
one of the largest nail factories in the country. 

JEnimittsburfff connected with the Western Mary- 
land Railroad at Rocky Ridge, by a branch Railroad 
seven miles long, is a great summer resort from Balti- 
more. The society is refined and cultivated ; population 
1,500. Mount St. Mary's College and St. Joseph'vS 
Academy, both extensive educational institutions are 
situated near Emmittsburg in view of charming mountain 
scenery. 



64 WASHIjXGTOJV. 

Many points along the line of the Western Maryland 
Road afTorcl magnificent mountain views. Among the 
interesting points are Sabillasville, where the grade is 90 
feet to the mile and the track half encircles the town, as 
the rails wind around the mountain side. 

Blue liidge, 68 miles from Baltimore, is 1,400 ieet 
above tide, with accommodations for excursionists. 
Waynesboro', 71 miles from Baltimore, alfords a mag- 
nificent view of the Cumberland Valley, Pennsylvania. 
Hagerstown is the county seat of Washington county 
and a delightful place of residence. At Williamsport, 
ihe railroad strikes the Potomac river and the Chesa- 
peake and Ohio Canal. The town is one of the oldest 
in the State, and was the home of General Otho Wil- 
liams, of revolutionary fame. 

Baltimore to Washington City. 

Washington City, by reason of the quickness of rail- 
road communication by two lines and upwards of twenty 
trains each way daily, is practically a suburb of Balti- 
more. An excursion to the national capital by the 
Baltimore and Potomac Railroad brings the visitor to the 
Sixth Street Depot in Washington near the centre of the 
city. By the Baltimore and Ohio Line, the depot is only 
a short distance from the Capitol which is one of the 
first objects of interest. Street railway lines connect 
with both depots, and with all the public buildings and 
other important places, as indicated generally by signs 
on the cars. 

All the Public buildings are open to visitors, and every 
public officer from President and Cabinet down, is 
accessible on business in business hours. The President 



WASHIJVGTOX. 65 

receives business calls from 12 M. to 3 P. M., except 
on Tuesdays and Fridays which are cabinet days. Calls 
" to pay respects," should be indicated on the card, and 
the visit limited to two or three minutes. Evening 
receptions are held at stated periods durinor the winter to 
which all persons are privileged and there are no restric- 
tions as to dress. On Saturday afternoons in summer, 
the Marine Band gives concerts at the President's 
grounds. 

Afternoon receptions at the Executive Mansion are 
held by the ladies from 2 to 5 P. M., on stated occasions, 
and strangers and others are at liberty to go. No invita- 
tions are sent out. 

The Cajntol^ which crowns a commanding emi- 
nence known as Capitol Hill, presents a magnificent 
facade to the east. The main entrance is on this side, 
though that most used is on the west side, on account of 
accessibility from the principal built up section of the 
city. The Navy Yard is southeastwardly from the 
Capitol on the eastern branch of the Potomac, and is 
reached by street cars from the Capitol grounds. 

The Rotunda of the Capitol, which is the first place 
entered from the main entrances, east and west, presents 
numerous large historical paintings. 

In going through the eastern main entrance the visitor 
passes several grand allegorical groups of statuary, one 
representing Columbus holding the globe m his hand, 
and the other a scene in border Indian warfare. A 
colossal statue of Washington stands in the park facing 
the east front. It is inscribed " First in war, first in 
peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen." 

Free access is given to the chief halls of the Capitol, 
xcept the floors of Congress and within the bar of the 
7 



G6 WJSHIA'-GTOJV. 

Supreme Court. Galleries are provided for the public in 
the Hall of Representatives and the Senate Channber and 
there are doorkeepers to direct visitors through the lobbies. 
The Supreme Court is in the old Senate Chamber. The 
old Hall of the House is the depository of statuary. Sec, 
contributed by the States. Indeed the Capiiol, inside and 
outside presents a great array ot works of art, too nume- 
rous to mention here. The Congressional Library, open 
I'rom 9 A. M. to 4 P. M. daily, except Sundays, has 
340,000 volumes. The only restrictions on the use of 
the books are, that they must not be carried away or 
defaced. 

From the dome of the capitol a panorama of the Poto- 
mac, the city and surroundings is presented. 

The I*resi(lenVs Mansion, or the White House, 
is on Pennsylvania avenue, between 15th and 17ih 
streets, northwest, fronting Lafayette Square, a little 
over a mile west of the capiiol. The East Room of 
the White House is open daily, except Sundays, from 
10 A. M. to 3 p. M. This room is the grand recepiton 
chamber. The Green, Blue and Red Rooms connect 
with each other and are used on public occasions. The 
accommodations for the President's family are in the 
western end of the house, and that part of the building 
is therefore closed to the public. The President's oliices 
and secretaries are on the second floor, west end. The 
bronze equestrian statue of General Jackson by Clark 
Mills is one of the leading objects of interest of the square 
opposite the Executive Mansion. The surrounding 
grounds are magnificently laid out. 



WASHIJVGTOJV. 67 

Public Places in Washin0ton, Treasury De- 
partment, Pennsylvania ave. and 15th street. 

State, War and Navy Departments, west of President's 
House, on 17th street near Pennsvlvania avenue. 

Washington Monument, S. W. of President's House. 

Naval Observatory, E street, corner 24th street, north- 
Avest, on the banks of the Potomac towards Georgetown. 
The time of the City and Government is regulated here, 
and the latitude and longitude of the Western Hemi- 
sphere calculated. 

The Patent Office, on account of its models and relics, 
is the chief attraction of the Department of Interior, 
located on the square bounded by 7th, 9th, F and G 
streets, northwest. 

Post Office Department. — Square bounded by E and 
r streets and 7ih and 8th streets. Entrance E street. 

Smithsonian Institution, within the area of the New 
Park west of the Capitol and south of Pennsylvania 
avenue. Reached by 7th street cars. The grounds 
cover twenty acres. The national museum is the most 
interesting feature of the Institution and contains speci- 
mens from many exploring expeditions. 

Department of Agriculture, in the Mall, south ot 
Pennsylvania avenue, between 12th and 14th streets. 

Corcoran Art Galleri/f northeast corner Penn- 
sylvania avenue and 17th street, opposite the War 
Department. Entrance from Pennsylvania avenue. 
Picture galleries, 2d story. Main Hall of Statuary and 
Bronzes, 1st floor. 

The Gallery is open every day, (Sundays and certain 
holidays excepted,) from 10 a. m. to 4 p. m., from Octo- 
ber 1st to May 1st, and from 10 a. m. to 5 p. m. from 
May 1st to October 1st. 



CS WASHLXGTOJV. 

Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, admission free. 

Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, admission 25 cts. 

Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays only, persons will 
be admitted, under certain regulations, to the privilege of 
drawing from casts and copying the pictures. 

Children under six years of age will not be admitted 
to the Gallery, and none under fourteen years will be 
admitted, unless accompanied by grown persons. 

TJie Citif Hall is surrounded by Judiciary Square, 
fronting Louisiana avenue at the head of 4.} street 
between 4th and 5th streets. The Arsenal, where the 
Lincoln conspirators were tried, lies south, at the other 
extremity of 4^ street. 

Army Medical JMuseitm, in the building which 
was a Theatre, wliere President Lincoln was killed. The 
museum is on the 3d floor and contains an immense 
number of specimens of especial interest. 

Ordnance Miisennif F and 1 7th streets, contains 
captured flags, and many military curiosities. 

Conf/ressional Conservatory , west side of the 
capiiol grounds and south of Pennsylvania avenue, filled 
with rare planis and foliage, flowers. Sec. Free. 

The Conf/ressional litirial Ground^ Eastern 
Branch olihe Potomac, 1.] miles from the capitol. 

The Nary Yard^ Eastern Branch of the Potomac, 
is interesting for its collection of guns, trophies, ship 
houses, workshops, war vessels, monitors, &c. 

Gor( rnntent Ifospitnf f^r the Insane^ two 
miles south of the capitul, on the south side of the East- 
ern Branch, reached by Pennsylvania avenue, and the 
Anacostia Bridge. 

TJie Arsenal is the extreme southern limit of the 
citv at the mouth of the Eastern Branch. Curiosities 



JVMGRRA FALLS. 69 

from battle-fields, &c., are exhibited. The entrance lo 
the Arsenal grounds faces 4| street. 

Georgetown is three miles west of the capitol, and 
separated from Washington by Rock Creek. It is the 
seat of Georgetown University and the Academy of the 
Visitation, two of the oldest Educational Institutions in 
the country, and is a flour, fish and coal market of im- 
portance. The Georgetown Heights afford a magnificent 
view of the river and surrounding country. A line of 
street cars runs directly from the capitol to Georgetown. 

Arlington^ the estate of General R. E. Lee, is 
directly opposite Georgetown, on the south bank of the 
Potomac. It is now a National Cemetery, where the 
remains of 15,590 soldiers are buried. 

The Soldiers^ Home, a beautiful drive and pleas- 
ant place to visit, is on Rock Creek. 

Alexandria, on the through route to Richmond, 
Va., is seven miles distant from Washington. There is 
a Steam Ferry from the foot of 7th street, and cars from 
6th street depot cross the Long Bridge. By the Balti- 
more and Ohio route, cars run down the east side of the 
Potomac and cross on barges at the ferry to Alexandria. 

Mount Vernon. Steamboats ply daily between 
Washington, Alexandria and Mount Vernon, the home 
and grave of Washington. It is a pleasant tr4p from 
Baltimore to Mount Vernon and return the same day. 

Baltimore to Niagara Falls. 

The Northern Central Railway is the great route 
from Baltimore, through Pennsylvania and New York 
to Niagara Falls and Lake Erie. The scenery along 
the entire line is maijnificent. 



70 RICHMOA'D. 

Leaving Calvert Street Station or Charles Street 
Depot, the traveler passes the great Machine Shops of 
the Compan}' near the city's boundary, and through 
numerous villages to Lake Roland, over the Gunpowder 
river, through the marble region of Baltimore county to 
Hanover Junction connecting with Gettysburg, the cele- 
brated battle-field and a noted watering place, 46 miles 
from Baltimore. The other notable points on the route 
are : 

York, Pennsylvania, a thriving inland town, the 
locality of the Company's Car Shops, 57 miles from 
Baltimore. 

Harrishiirg f 84 miles from Baltimore, the capital 
of Pennsylvania. The Susquehanna River near Harris- 
burg affords some of the finest scenery along the line. 

WUliamsport y Pennsylvania, the centre of the 
great lumber trade of the region, 178 miles, and Elmira, 
256 miles from Baltimore. 

WaiLins, New York, 278 miles from Baltimore, on 
Lake Geneva, a beautiful town, remarkable for iis pic- 
turesque situation and localities, its famous Glens, hill 
and lake scenery. Watkins is a favorite stopping place 
on the route to Niagara. 

Niagara Falls, 431 miles from Baltimore. 

Baltimore to Richmond. 

The Baltimore and Potomac Railroad traverses the 
five lower counties of the Western Shore of Maryland, 
to Pope's Creek on the Potomac River, 73 miles. The 
Washinfjton Branch from Baltimore to Washington was 
opened in 1872, and was followed by connections with 
Southern lines to Richmond, Va. The traveler can 



THE WEST. 71 

leave Baltimore in the morning, go to Richmond and 
remain one hour and return by J 0.30 p. m. the same 
day. 

Baltimore to the West. 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad from the Atlan- 
tic Coast to Chicago is 795 miles j St. Louis, 918; Louis- 
ville, 688; Cincinnati, 578; Pittsburg, 327. The total 
length of track of the road and branches is 2,460 miles, 
extending in seven states : Maryland, West Virginia, 
Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Missouri. 
Among the notable points for scenery and summering 
are the Relay House, Ellicott City, Harper's Ferry, 
Cumberland, Frostbnrg, Deer Park, Oakland, Cheat 
River, Berkeley Springs, &c. 

The Pennsylvania Railroad route to the West 
is characterized by superb equipment, wayside accom- 
modations and beautiful scenery. From Baltimore, by 
the Northern Central Railway, to Harrisburg, where the 
route strikes the valley of the Juniata to Altoona, the site 
of numerous car shops and railroad works; thence up the 
grade of the Alleghany Mountains, via Cresson, with its 
magnificent scenery, to Pittsburg. From this point pas- 
sengers have the choice of two routes to the gre.\t West, 
viz: by the Pan Handle to Cincinnati; or by the Fort 
Wayne and Chicago road. 




JEsiabiished fSS7. 

JOHI?^ MUBPHY & CO. 

Publishers, Booksellers, Printers and Stationers, 

182 Baltitnore Street, Baltimore, 

WHOLESALE AND KETAIL DEALERS IN 

SCHOOL BOOKS, BLANK BOOKS, 

Paper, Stationery, &c. 

BLANK BDQK2I ^^^^^''y Description, kept constantly on Sale, 
■ ■Aiiu fiUUiiWl or made to Order in Superior Styles. 

Murphy's Legal and Commercial Blanks, &c. 

Eept Constantly on hand, or Printed to Order, at Short Mice. 

PLAIN AND OMNAMENTAIj 

%00fe antr Job Printing, 

Of every Description, in Superior Styles, at the Lowest Rates. 

JJS" Particular attention given to Railroad and Commercial Printing, Pine Work, for 

Banking and Insurance Companies, &c., &c. 
4®* Extensive facilities, combined with upwards of 30 years' 
experience, enables them to offer superior advantages, in the 
execution of this class of work, in the most finished styles. 

Jl^^'Carefol and Prompt attention given to all Orders.'^^a 

subpublication Office of the Maryland Code and Supvlements, New 
Constitution, Laws of Maryland, Hinkley's Testamentary Law, &c., <tc 
J^' Life of Chief Justice Taney, and other Popular Works. 
Sold "by Su-bscription. 

-J AS. H. MiLLIKIN. Wm. H. MlLLIKIN. ROBT. MiLLIKIN. 

JAS. H. MILLIKIN & SONS, 
Whlfj Oiii ill Imbifilli laeliij, 

3 67 Baltimore St., Baltimore, 

MANUFACTURE ALL KI.NDS OF 

Coacb, Carriage. Team and Wagon Whips; Stage, loop, Spring and Ox Thongs. 

Agents for CowMdes and Buckskin Gloves. 



Q. A. DoBLEB. E. T. MuDOE. J. G. Chapman. 

DOBLER, MUDGE & CHAPMAN, 

Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers in 



Also, Dealers in 

pager ^tof{k Mil |aper Pahcr.^' Patermis 

OF EVERY DESCKIPTION. 

S, E, Cor, Sharp and Lombard streets. 

Offer to the Trade a LARGE Assortment of Papers of every description, 

consisting in part of the following, viz: 

JESSUP & LAFLIN'S Ledger and Flat Writing Papers. L. L. 
BROWN PAPER GO'S Ledger and Flat Writing Papers. PLAT- 
NER & PORTER MANUFACTURING GO'S First Glass Papers, 
Euled and Plain. HURLBUT PAPER GO'S Flat Writing Papers. 
" CUMBERLAND MILLS" Flat Writing Papers. "IVANHOE 
MILLS" Flat Writing Papers, 1st and 2d Grades. PARSONS 
PAPER GO'S Golored Fiat Writing Papers. WALSH'S Blue Flat 
Writing Papers. "POTOMAC" AND "PATAPSCO" Ruled 
Papers. PARKER'S 1st Class Blotting Paper, Treasury, White 
and Golored; vd Glass, Commercial White. CRANE'S Bond, 
Deed, and Parchment Papers. BOOKBINDERS' MATERIALS, 
including English and American Cloths, Leathers, Marble 
Papers, Thread, Binders' Boards and Straw Boards. MOORE'S 
Bonnet Boards, Press Boards. F. W. BIRD'S Hardware Papers. 
E. LAMSON PERKINS' Cards and Card Boards. A. M. COL- 
LINS, SON & GO'S Cards and Card Boards. DEXTER'S "Star 
Mills " Water Closet Paper, First Class White and Colored Tis- 
sues. "EAGLE MILLS" Water Closet Papers, First Class Tis- 
sue Manillas. A. H. HUBBARD & GO'S Glazed Mediums. 
TILESTON & HOLLINGSWORTH'S Glazed Mediums, Plate, 
Log, and Chart Papers on hand and made to order. RAYNOR'S 
Envelopes. CARTER'S Inks and Mucillage. MAYNARD A 
NOYES' Inks. MOORE'S School Ink. 

Sized and Super Calendered Book Papers, White and Tinted. 
" Rockdale Mill" Sized and Extr<\Calendered, Nos. 1 and S, Book 
Papers. White. ^^ 

" Rockdale Mill " Sized and Calendered, No. 3, Book Papers, White. 
*' Cylinder Mills'''' Sized and Calendered, Book Papers, White. 

A large Stook of these Book Papers oa baad and odd sizes made to order. 

Printing Paper of all si^es and weights on hand and made to ord«c . 

White and Colored Poster Paper; Envelope Paper; Tobacco Papers, White 
and Colored; Red Glazed Manilla Paper for Soap Wrappers, &o. 

First Class Manilla Papers — Folded, Flat— all sizes and weights, also in 
rolls, on hand and made to order. 

Second Class Manilla Papers, all sizes, on hand and made to order. 

Bogus and Straw Wrapping Papers, all sizes. Twines, &c., &c., &c. 



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